IZZ 16-3 The Fall of the Aztec & Incan Empires

What is the meaning of the term "conquistador"?

• A Spanish soldier-explorer sent to America

• A loyal supporter of the government

• A native leader of the Aztec empire

• A merchant trading with the Inca

Answer explanation

The term "conquistador" refers specifically to Spanish soldier-explorers who ventured to the Americas during the Age of Exploration, seeking to conquer and colonize new territories.

In what year did Christopher Columbus first set out on his voyage across the Atlantic Ocean?

• 1492

• 1500

• 1485

• 1498

Answer explanation

Christopher Columbus first set sail across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492, marking the beginning of European exploration in the Americas. The other years listed do not correspond to his initial voyage.

How many times did Columbus sail to America?

• Two times

• Three times

• Four times

• Five times

Answer explanation

Columbus sailed to America four times between 1492 and 1504, making the correct answer 'Four times'. His voyages were significant in establishing European contact with the Americas.

What did Cortés's commander notice about him during the Spanish attack on Cuba?

• His intelligence

• His bravery

• His kindness

• His strength

Answer explanation

Cortés's commander observed his bravery during the Spanish attack on Cuba, highlighting his courage in battle, which was crucial for inspiring his troops and leading the charge against the enemy.

What did the soldiers find in the Yucatán that was made of gold?

• A gold sword

• A gold shield

• A gold mask

• A gold helmet

Answer explanation

The soldiers discovered a gold mask in the Yucatán, which is a significant artifact often associated with ancient civilizations. This choice is correct as it highlights a notable find made of gold.

When did Cortés begin his attack on the Aztec Empire?

• February 1519

• April 1519

• November 1519

• January 1519

Answer explanation

Cortés began his attack on the Aztec Empire in April 1519, marking the start of his military campaign against the Aztecs, which ultimately led to the fall of their empire.

What diseases helped Cortés in his conquest of the Aztecs?

• Influenza and malaria

• Measles and smallpox

• Cholera and typhoid

• Tuberculosis and plague

Answer explanation

Cortés benefited from diseases like measles and smallpox, which devastated the Aztec population. These illnesses weakened their society, making conquest easier for the Spanish forces.

What did Cortés do after taking control of the Aztec capital?

• He destroyed the city

• He made Montezuma a prisoner

• He left the city

• He built a new palace

Answer explanation

After taking control of the Aztec capital, Cortés made Montezuma a prisoner to manipulate the Aztecs and secure Spanish dominance, which was a strategic move to maintain control over the region.

Who was the Aztec leader that tried to stop the fighting against the Spanish?

• Montezuma

• Pizarro

• Balboa

• Cortés

Answer explanation

Montezuma was the Aztec leader who attempted to negotiate with the Spanish and stop the fighting, believing it could lead to a peaceful resolution. His efforts ultimately failed, leading to further conflict.

What did Atahualpa offer to fill to buy his freedom?

• A jail cell with gold and another room with silver

• A temple with gold

• A ship with treasures

• A palace with jewels

Answer explanation

Atahualpa offered to fill a jail cell with gold and another room with silver as a ransom for his freedom, making this the correct choice among the options provided.