WH Final Review S2

Which pair of ideas were central to the Scientific Revolution?

• social stability and economic self-sufficiency

• observation and experimentation

• technology and military expansion

• scarcity and interdependence

What was one outcome of Copernicus' theory of a sun-centered solar system?

• It required a revision of the Christian calendar

• It disputed Church teachings regarding the universe

• It allowed sailors to predict tides more accurately

• It resulted in a decline in pagan religions

During the Enlightenment, how did Rousseau's ideas influence the American and French Revolutions?

• They encouraged loyalty to established governments

• They supported movements for social and political change

• They encouraged the formation of American and French constitutional monarchies

• They supported the efforts of governments to maintain control over their subjects

Enlightenment philosophers encouraged people to...

• Remain firm in their support of absolute monarchs.

• Look for leaders who would exercise dictatorial powers

• Engage in revolutions to establish democratic governments

• Call for church leaders to create theocracies and replace the monarchies

Use the charts titled, The Three Estates in Pre-Revolutionary France to answer the question.

• the upper classes paid the most taxes

• the third estate was the wealthiest

• all the estates were taxed equally

• the poorest classes paid all the taxes

The Enlightenment contributed to the French Revolution because ____________________.

• Enlightenment thinkers refused to acknowledge Napoleon as emperor of France and were responsible for constant rioting.

• Enlightenment was studied as economic theory but did not produce realistic governing options, angering the educated elite.

• Enlightenment thinkers promoted the idea that all people have natural rights and that the government has a responsibility to the people.

• The nobility of France wanted to extend equal rights to all citizens, leading the nobility to write a new constitution.

The French Revolution was a turning point in global history because the results of this revolution:

• led to the worldwide abolition of slavery

• inspired other people seeking democracy and independence

• marked the end of the European influence in the Western Hemisphere

• demonstrated the need for strong international peacekeeping organizations

One major effect of Napoleon’s rule of France was that it led to:

• an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church

• massive emigration to the Americas

• trade agreements with Great Britain

• the spread of revolutionary influence in Europe

How did the Industrial Revolution affect cities?

• It created technology to clean them.

• It made them lose valuable sources of food.

• It made the population grow faster than the housing supply.

• It made the crime rate drop.

Improvements in agriculture, such as the introduction of the enclosure system and crop rotation, were crucial to Britain's industrialization because:

• It greatly increased the cultivation of cotton

• It allowed more people to be available to work in factories

• Many new inventions could be used for industrial uses

• It destroyed the cottage industry, which made it necessary to find way of producing consumer goods that people demanded