IB ESS Topic 1

Which type of system only exchanges energy with their surroundings?

• Open systems

• Closed systems

• Isolated systems

• Dynamic systems

What is defined as an arbitrary group of individuals who share common characteristics such as location or cultural background?

• Community

• Culture

• Society

• Population

What is the term for the relationship between two species in which one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed?

• Mutualism

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Competition

What is the term for a system that does not exchange energy or matter with its surroundings?

• Closed systems

• Open systems

• Isolated systems

• Thermal systems

What is the term for the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time?

• Ecological succession

• Environmental adaptation

• Biodiversity fluctuation

• Ecosystem stability

What is the term for the phenomenon where a species is no longer found in its natural habitat?

• Extinction

• Endangerment

• Migration

• Adaptation

What is the term for the maximum population size that an environment can sustain indefinitely?

• Carrying capacity

• Population density

• Ecological footprint

• Sustainable yield

What is the term for a human-centered value system that places humans as the central species?

• Anthropocentric

• Biocentric

• Ecocentric

• Technocentric

What does Letter A represent in a system diagram?

• Output

• Input

• Process

• Storage

What is the overall idea of the Gaia Hypothesis?

• The earth is a self-regulating system.

• The earth is a static entity.

• The earth is primarily influenced by external forces.

• The earth is a collection of independent ecosystems.