Inferential Statistics Quiz

What is the primary goal of inferential statistics in microbiology?

• To summarize data using measures of central tendency

• To draw conclusions about populations from samples

• To create visual representations of data

• To analyze individual data points

Which hypothesis represents the 'no effect' or 'no difference' baseline?

• Alternative Hypothesis (H°)

• Null Hypothesis (H)

• Research Hypothesis (H1)

• Statistical Hypothesis (H2)

What does a t-test compare?

• Proportions of categorical data

• Variances of two groups

• Standard deviations of samples

• Means of one or two groups

What is the purpose of Levene's test?

• To compare means of two groups

• To check if variances are equal

• To determine sample size

• To calculate p-values

What is the significance level commonly used in hypothesis testing?

• 0.10

• 0.05

• 0.15

• 0.01

In a one-sample t-test, what does the null hypothesis state?

• The sample mean equals the population mean

• The sample mean is not related to the population mean

• The sample mean is less than the population mean

• The sample mean is greater than the population mean

What is the formula for calculating the t-statistic in a one-sample t-test?

• t = (μ - x̄) / (s / √n)

• t = (x̄ + μ) / (s + n)

• t = (x̄ - μ) / (s / √n)

• t = (s / √n) / (x̄ - μ)

What does a p-value less than 0.05 indicate?

• A perfect correlation

• No relationship between variables

• Significant evidence to reject the null hypothesis

• Insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis

What is the assumption for a one-sample t-test regarding data distribution?

• Data must be skewed

• Data must be normally distributed

• Data must be ordinal

• Data must be categorical

What type of t-test is used for comparing two related groups?

• Independent samples t-test

• One-sample t-test

• Paired samples t-test

• F-test