NYS 8th Grade Science Review

What are genes?

• Segments of RNA that help in protein synthesis.

• Segments of DNA that contain instructions for development and functioning of living organisms.

• Parts of the cell that regulate metabolism.

• Chemical compounds that provide energy to cells.

How do organisms exchange materials with their environment?

• Through processes like respiration, photosynthesis, and nutrient absorption.

• By using specialized organs for excretion only.

• Through passive diffusion only.

• By consuming other organisms exclusively.

What is the significance of fur color in polar bears?

• It helps them stay warm in cold temperatures.

• It allows them to blend into their snowy environment, aiding in hunting and avoiding predators.

• It is a sign of their health and age.

• It attracts mates during the breeding season.

What is a chromosome?

• A structure made of RNA that carries genetic information.

• A long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains many genes.

• A type of protein that helps in cell division.

• A small organelle responsible for energy production.

What is an adaptation?

• A type of food that organisms eat.

• A characteristic or trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

• A method of communication between species.

• A seasonal change in an organism's behavior.

What is population growth?

• The decrease in the number of individuals in a population over time.

• The increase in the number of individuals in a population over time.

• The migration of individuals from one population to another.

• The fluctuation of population size due to environmental factors.

What is a food chain?

• A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

• A food chain is a complex network of food webs that includes all organisms in an ecosystem.

• A food chain is a diagram that shows the population of different species in an area.

• A food chain is a method of cooking that involves layering ingredients in a specific order.

What is a habitat?

• A habitat is a type of animal.

• A habitat is a place where animals are trained.

• A habitat is the natural environment in which an organism lives, providing food, shelter, and mates for reproduction.

• A habitat is a man-made environment for plants.

What is the role of recycling programs?

• Recycling programs help reduce waste and conserve resources by processing used materials into new products.

• Recycling programs primarily focus on increasing the production of new materials.

• Recycling programs are designed to eliminate all forms of waste completely.

• Recycling programs are only effective in urban areas and have no impact in rural regions.

What is metabolism?

• A set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms that convert food into energy and building blocks for growth.

• A process that only occurs in plants to produce oxygen.

• A method of storing energy in the form of fat.

• A type of exercise that increases muscle mass.