Protein Synthesis & DNA/RNA Quizs

What are the nitrogen bases in DNA?

• Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

• Adenine (A), Uracil (U), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

• Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Uracil (U)

• Guanine (G), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Uracil (U)

What is a mutation?

• A change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis and function.

• A type of genetic disorder that is inherited from parents.

• A process that only occurs in bacteria and viruses.

• A method of gene therapy used to treat diseases.

What is the role of the sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA?

• It provides structural support and stability to the DNA molecule.

• It acts as a template for RNA synthesis.

• It facilitates the binding of proteins to DNA.

• It stores genetic information.

Where does transcription occur in the cell?

• In the cytoplasm.

• In the mitochondria.

• In the nucleus.

• In the ribosomes.

What is the function of mRNA?

• mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

• mRNA helps in the replication of DNA.

• mRNA is involved in the transport of amino acids.

• mRNA acts as a structural component of ribosomes.

Will the mutation affect the phenotype of the organism?

• Yes, the mutation will affect the phenotype because it changes the amino acid sequence.

• No, the mutation will NOT affect the phenotype because the same protein will be created.

• Yes, the mutation will affect the phenotype by altering the protein structure.

• No, the mutation will affect the phenotype but not the protein created.

Translate the following mRNA sequence into a chain of amino acids:

GGG - AUU - CGC

• Gly - Ile - Arg

• Ala - Val - Ser

• Gly - Val - Lys

• Ile - Arg - Gly

What is the process of translation?

• Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

• Translation is the process of converting DNA into RNA.

• Translation is the process of breaking down proteins into amino acids.

• Translation is the process of synthesizing carbohydrates from lipids.

What is the corresponding mRNA sequence for the following DNA sequence? AAA - TTT - GCC

• UUU - AAA - CGG

• AAA - UUU - CGG

• UUU - AAA - GGC

• AAA - TTT - GGC

What determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

• The sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA determines the sequence of amino acids.

• The structure of the protein determines the sequence of amino acids.

• The type of cell in which the protein is synthesized determines the sequence of amino acids.

• The presence of specific enzymes determines the sequence of amino acids.