PCEP Section 4B: the function and its environment

Which of the following best describes the difference between a parameter and an argument in Python?

• A parameter is the value passed to a function, while an argument is the variable in the function definition.

• A parameter is the variable in the function definition, while an argument is the value passed to the function.

• Both terms mean the same thing in Python.

• A parameter is always a string, while an argument is always a number.

What is the result of the following code? ```python def greet(name, message="Hello"): print(message, name) greet("Alice") ```

• Hello Alice

• Alice Hello

• Error: missing argument

• Hello

Which of the following is an example of passing arguments by keyword in Python?

• func(1, 2)

• func(a=1, b=2)

• func(1, b=2)

• func(1, 2, 3)

What will be printed by the following code? ```python x = 5 def foo(): x = 10 print(x) foo() print(x) ```

• 10 10

• 5 10

• 10 5

• 5 5

Which statement about default parameter values in Python is correct?

• Default parameter values must always be provided when calling the function.

• Default parameter values are specified in the function definition and used if no argument is provided.

• Default parameter values can only be integers.

• Default parameter values are specified when calling the function.

Given the following function definition, which call will result in an error? ```python def add(a, b=2, c=3): return a + b + c ```

• add(1)

• add(1, 4)

• add(1, 4, 5)

• add(a=1, c=5, b=4)

• add(b=4, c=5)

What is the output of the following code? ```python x = 1 def change(): global x x = 2 change() print(x) ```

• 1

• 2

• Error: x is not defined

• None

Consider the following code: ```python def func(a, b, c=3): return a + b + c ``` Which of the following calls uses a mix of positional and keyword arguments?

• func(1, 2, 3)

• func(a=1, b=2, c=3)

• func(1, b=2)

• func(a=1, 2, 3)

Suppose you have the following code: ```python y = 10 def test(): y = 5 return y print(test()) print(y) ``` What does this code demonstrate?

• The use of the global keyword

• Name hiding (shadowing) of a global variable by a local variable

• Default parameter values

• Keyword argument passing

You are asked to modify a function so that it updates a global variable instead of creating a local one. Which of the following changes should you make?

• Add the variable name to the function's parameter list.

• Use the global keyword inside the function before assigning to the variable.

• Use the nonlocal keyword inside the function.

• Assign to the variable directly without any keyword.