AP Euro - Reformation and Religious Wars

Who was Martin Luther?

• A German monk and theologian who initiated the Protestant Reformation by challenging the practices of the Catholic Church, particularly the sale of indulgences.

• A famous painter of the Renaissance period known for his works in the Sistine Chapel.

• A political leader who fought for the rights of the common people during the Middle Ages.

• An explorer who discovered America in the 15th century.

What was the outcome of the Thirty Years' War?

• The war ended with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919.

• The war concluded with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, allowing for religious tolerance and redrawing the political map of Europe.

• The war resulted in the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership.

• The war ended with the establishment of the League of Nations.

What were indulgences?

• Payments made to the Catholic Church believed to reduce punishment for sins.

• A type of prayer used to seek forgiveness.

• A form of penance involving fasting and prayer.

• Donations made to the church for building projects.

What was the Edict of Nantes?

• A decree issued by Henry IV of France in 1598 granting rights to the Huguenots, the French Protestants.

• A treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648.

• A law that abolished the monarchy in France during the French Revolution.

• A document that established the Catholic Church as the state religion of France.

What was the Peace of Augsburg?

• A 1555 agreement that allowed rulers in the Holy Roman Empire to choose either Lutheranism or Catholicism as the official confession of their state.

• A treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648.

• An agreement that established the supremacy of the Catholic Church in Europe.

• A document that granted religious freedom to all citizens of the Holy Roman Empire.

What was the significance of the 95 Theses?

• They were a list of propositions by Martin Luther that criticized the Catholic Church's practices, sparking the Reformation.

• They were a collection of hymns written by Martin Luther to promote church music.

• They were a series of letters sent to the Pope requesting reforms in the Catholic Church.

• They were a set of laws established by the Catholic Church to regulate the sale of indulgences.

What was the Reformation?

• A religious movement in the 16th century that led to the establishment of Protestantism and significant changes in the Catholic Church.

• A political revolution that aimed to overthrow monarchies in Europe.

• An artistic movement that focused on the revival of classical learning and wisdom.

• A scientific advancement that led to the discovery of new lands and trade routes.

What is Calvinism?

• A branch of Protestantism emphasizing predestination and the sovereignty of God.

• A form of Catholicism that rejects the authority of the Pope.

• A secular philosophy that promotes individualism and self-reliance.

• A movement that advocates for the separation of church and state.

Who was John Calvin?

• A French theologian and pastor who developed Calvinism.

• A famous painter from the Renaissance period.

• An English monarch known for his role in the Reformation.

• A scientist who contributed to the theory of evolution.

What were the Religious Wars?

• A series of conflicts in Europe from the 16th to 17th centuries, primarily fought over religious differences between Catholics and Protestants.

• A peaceful negotiation between different religious groups in Europe.

• A set of treaties that ended religious conflicts in Europe.

• A cultural movement that promoted religious tolerance in the 16th century.