LS 1-1 : DNA and Protein Function Quiz

What is the basic unit that makes up the structure of DNA?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Fatty acid

• Monosaccharide

Which two molecules form the backbone of the DNA double helix?

• Ribose and uracil

• Deoxyribose and phosphate

• Adenine and thymine

• Guanine and cytosine

What is the process called in which DNA is used to make a complementary RNA strand?

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Mutation

Which organelle is responsible for assembling proteins in the cell?

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• Mitochondrion

• Lysosome

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with the sequence ATCG?

• TAGC

• CGAT

• ATCG

• GCAT

Which of the following best describes the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It forms the structure of the ribosome.

• It carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.

• It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

How does a change in the DNA sequence affect the structure of a protein?

• It always makes the protein longer.

• It can change the amino acid sequence, altering the protein’s shape and function.

• It never affects the protein.

• It only affects the cell membrane.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which process describes how a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function?

• Mitosis

• Differentiation

• Replication

• Fermentation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

• They store genetic information.

• They speed up chemical reactions.

• They transport oxygen.

• They provide structural support.

Which statement best explains why all cells in an organism have the same DNA but different functions?

• Only some cells have DNA.

• Different genes are expressed in different cell types.

• DNA is lost in some cells.

• All cells express all genes at the same time.