Seismic Waves and Earthquake Dynamics

What can exposed layers of rock, known as strata, inform scientists about?

• The color of the rocks

• The age of the Earth

• If the crust has gone through change

• The temperature of the Earth's core

What type of rocks are mentioned as forming in horizontal layers?

• Metamorphic rocks

• Sedimentary and some extrusive igneous rocks

• Intrusive igneous rocks

• All types of rocks

Which of the following is NOT a type of deformation mentioned?

• Folded

• Tilted

• Faulted

• Cracked

Which process is directly associated with plate tectonics?

• Erosion

• Uplift

• Sedimentation

• Weathering

Which of the following is a cause of earthquakes?

• Erosion of soil

• Shifting plates along transform plate boundaries

• Heavy rainfall

• Solar flares

What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

• The deepest point in the ocean

• Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake

• The center of a volcano

• The highest mountain peak

What does the subduction of crust refer to?

• Formation of new soil

• One tectonic plate moving under another

• Erosion of mountains

• Creation of rivers

What does the divergence of plates cause?

• Formation of valleys

• Earthquakes

• Creation of deserts

• Growth of forests

What are the three types of seismic waves mentioned in the document?

• P-waves, S-waves, and surface waves

• Light waves, sound waves, and radio waves

• Gamma waves, beta waves, and alpha waves

• Water waves, air waves, and earth waves

Which type of wave is responsible for much of the damage caused by earthquakes?

• P-waves

• S-waves

• Surface waves

• Light waves