DNA Structure and DNA Replication

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is double-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

• DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine.

• DNA and RNA are both double-stranded and contain thymine.

• DNA is single-stranded and contains uracil, while RNA is double-stranded and contains thymine.

What is the function of DNA?

• To store and transmit genetic information.

• To provide energy for cellular processes.

• To act as a catalyst in biochemical reactions.

• To transport oxygen in the blood.

What are nucleotides?

• The building blocks of proteins, consisting of amino acids.

• The building blocks of DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.

• The components of lipids, made up of fatty acids and glycerol.

• The basic units of carbohydrates, which are simple sugars.

What is DNA replication?

• The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

• The process of converting DNA into RNA during protein synthesis.

• The mechanism by which cells repair damaged DNA strands.

• The method by which genetic information is transferred from parents to offspring.

What are nitrogen-containing bases in DNA?

• Adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G)

• Hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N)

• Sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg)

• Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and lactose

What is semi-conservative replication?

• The method of DNA replication where each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand.

• A process where DNA is replicated without any original strands.

• A type of replication that only occurs in prokaryotic cells.

• The replication method that results in two identical copies of the original DNA molecule.

What is the complement to the DNA strand 5'-ATGCCAT-3'?

• 3'-TACGGTA-5'

• 5'-TACGGTA-3'

• 3'-ATGCCAT-5'

• 5'-ATGCCAT-3'

What is the structure of DNA?

• A single strand of nucleotides with a sugar-phosphate backbone

• A double helix formed by two strands of nucleotides, with a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases in the center.

• A triple helix structure with three strands of nucleotides

• A circular structure with no defined strands

What determines the specific traits in an organism?

• The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.

• The organism's environment and habitat.

• The diet and nutrition of the organism.

• The age and size of the organism.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

• Nitrogen bases.

• Phosphate groups.

• Sugar molecules.

• Amino acids.