ARK The Concept of Hazard REVISION

What is a hazard?

What is the difference between a hazard and a natural disaster?

Which of the following is NOT a major type of geographical hazard?

• A) Geophysical

• B) Atmospheric

• C) Biological

• D) Hydrological

Match the type of hazard to its cause:

• Water bodies and movement (e.g. floods)

• Hydrological

• Atmospheric processes (e.g. weather systems)

• Geophysical

• Land processes (e.g. tectonic plates)

• Atmospheric

Hazards can be a mixture of geographical processes, such as a tropical storm being both hydrological and atmospheric.

• True

• False

What are hydrometeorological hazards?

How does wealth affect a person's perception of hazards?

• Wealthier people may perceive a hazard to be smaller as they are less vulnerable, but may also view a risk as greater due to more risk of property damage and financial loss.

• Wealthier people always perceive hazards as more dangerous regardless of their vulnerability.

• Wealth has no impact on a person's perception of hazards or risks.

• Wealthier people are always less concerned about hazards because they believe nothing can harm them.

What is fatalism in the context of human responses to hazards?

• The viewpoint that hazards are uncontrollable natural events, and any losses should be accepted as there is nothing that can be done to stop them.

• The belief that all hazards can be prevented through technology and planning.

• The idea that hazards are caused by human actions and can be eliminated by changing behavior.

• The approach of actively preparing for and mitigating hazards to reduce their impact.

Which of the following is an example of an active response to hazards?

• Fatalism

• Prediction

• Doing nothing

• Accepting losses

Define adaptation as an active response to hazards.

• Attempting to live with hazards by adjusting lifestyle choices so that vulnerability to the hazard is lessened (e.g., earthquake proof houses).

• Ignoring hazards and continuing with normal activities regardless of risk.

• Relocating to a different region to avoid hazards entirely.

• Relying solely on emergency services to respond after a hazard occurs.