BIOLOGY REVIEW (Bio 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 & 1.4)

Why is it important that the bonds between the complementary nitrogen base pairs of DNA are weak hydrogen bonds?

• to more easily separate DNA strands during replication

• to eliminate mutations in DNA

• to help DNA form a double helix

• to help DNA coils thicken into chromosomes

A nuclear membrane with pores surrounds a cell’s nucleus. How would a nucleus that lacks pores affect its function in the cell?

• Messenger RNA would not be able to leave the nucleus to provide the code to make proteins.

• Messenger RNA would not be able to leave the nucleus to make carbohydrates.

• DNA would not be able to leave the nucleus to be used to make proteins.

• DNA would not be able to replicate or leave the nucleus.

Which characteristic distinguishes bacteria from eukaryotic cells?

• the absence of ribosomes

• the presence of a cell wall

• the presence of circular DNA

• the absence of a plasma membrane

Which of the following roles does an enzyme play when the body processes sucrose (table sugar) into glucose and fructose?

• An enzyme decreases the body’s need for sucrose.

• An enzyme increases the amount of sucrose available.

• An enzyme increases the rate at which the sucrose breaks down.

• An enzyme decreases the amount of fructose and glucose product available.

The diagram below is a plant cell with two parts labeled (X and Y). Which of the following roles is performed by parts X and Y working together?

• moving genetic material

• converting light to chemical energy

• providing structural support to the cell

• synthesizing proteins for cellular functions

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Students were asked to draw a model of a mitochondrion. The diagrams below represent two students’ drawings. Which model best represents a mitochondrion and why?

• Structure 1 has more surface area, which produces more proteins.

• Structure 1 has more surface area, which produces more energy.

• Structure 2 has more surface area, which produces more proteins.

• Structure 2 has more surface area, which produces more energy.

Select two statements that describe enzymes. (Choose 2 answers)

• 1. Enzymes are biological catalysts.

• 1. Enzymes are substrate specific 

• 1. Enzymes can only be used in once in a reaction.

• 1. Enzymes increase the amount of energy needed to start a reaction.

These graphs show the effects of temperature and pH on a certain enzyme found in the

human digestive system.

Which can best be concluded from the graphs?

• The enzyme is most effective at 30°C and a pH of 5.

• The enzyme is most effective at 40°C and a pH of 8.

• The enzyme is most effective at 40°C and a pH of 4.

• The enzyme is most effective at 60°C and a pH of 11.

Which characteristic distinguishes bacteria from eukaryotic cells?

• the absence of ribosomes

• the presence of a cell wall

• the presence of circular DNA

• the absence of a plasma membrane

This chart shows characteristics of four different cells observed under a microscope.

Which is most likely a prokaryotic cell?

• Cell 1

• Cell 2

• Cell 3

• Cell 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2