Ventilation Control Quiz

Which of the following is NOT a physical factor that can alter the respiratory rate?

• Talking

• Exercising

• Gasping when scared

• Coughing

What role do stretch receptors in the lungs play in regulating respiratory rate?

• They increase oxygen absorption

• They prevent overinflation of the lungs

• They control voluntary breathing

• They cause rapid breathing during stress

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Why might the brainstem override conscious control of breathing?

• If the person is talking too much

• If oxygen or carbon dioxide levels become too extreme

• If the person is exercising

• If the person is sleeping

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A student is preparing for a speech and starts to feel nervous, leading to rapid breathing. Which factor is most likely influencing their respiratory rate?

• Physical factors

• Emotional factors

• Conscious control

• Stretch receptors

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Explain how voluntary breathing is limited by the brainstem and provide an example of when this limitation might occur.

• The brainstem allows unlimited voluntary breathing; for example, during sleep.

• The brainstem ignores voluntary control if oxygen or carbon dioxide levels are too extreme; for example, during breath-holding contests.

• The brainstem enhances voluntary breathing during exercise.

• The brainstem only limits breathing when a person is scared.

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Which chemical factor is considered the most important stimulus for breathing?

• The amount of oxygen in the blood

• The amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

• The amount of nitrogen in the blood

• The amount of glucose in the blood

What happens when there is an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the blood?

• The pH of the blood increases

• The pH of the blood decreases

• The pH of the blood remains unchanged

• The blood becomes more alkaline

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which receptors recognize changes in oxygen concentration in the blood?

• Baroreceptors in the heart

• Chemoreceptors in the aorta and common carotid artery

• Photoreceptors in the retina

• Mechanoreceptors in the skin

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Describe the process by which an increase in CO₂ concentration leads to a change in respiratory rate.

• Increase in CO₂ → pH increases → Impulses sent to respiratory centers in medulla

• Increase in CO₂ → pH decreases → Impulses sent to respiratory centers in medulla

• Increase in CO₂ → pH remains the same → No impulses sent

• Increase in CO₂ → pH increases → No change in respiratory rate

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Why is the amount of CO₂ in the blood more important than the amount of O₂ for stimulating breathing?

• Because CO₂ is needed for energy production

• Because CO₂ levels directly affect blood pH, which is detected by the brain

• Because O₂ is not required for cell survival

• Because CO₂ is less soluble in blood than O₂

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