Cell Biology Essentials

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell? A) Nucleus B) Ribosome C) Mitochondrion D) Golgi apparatus E) Endoplasmic reticulum

• B) Lysosome

• A) Chloroplast

• D) Cytoplasm

• C) Mitochondrion

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell? A) Lipid synthesis B) Protein synthesis C) DNA replication D) Energy production E) Waste degradation

• D) Cell division

• C) RNA transcription

• A) Carbohydrate synthesis

• B) Protein synthesis

Which structure regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell? A) Cell wall B) Cytoplasm C) Nucleus D) Plasma membrane E) Mitochondrion

• E) Mitochondrion

• A) Cell wall

• D) Plasma membrane

• B) Cytoplasm

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins? A) Lysosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Nucleolus D) Endoplasmic reticulum E) Peroxisome

• B) Golgi apparatus

• C) Chloroplast

• D) Mitochondrion

• A) Ribosome

The fluid-filled space inside the cell that contains organelles is called: A) Cytosol B) Nucleoplasm C) Cytoplasm D) Matrix E) Stroma

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• C) Cytoplasm

• Cell membrane

• Cytoskeleton

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell? A) Energy production B) Genetic material storage C) Protein synthesis D) Lipid synthesis E) Waste degradation

• A) Energy production

• C) Protein synthesis

• B) Genetic material storage

• D) Lipid synthesis

Which organelle is involved in lipid synthesis? A) Ribosome B) Golgi apparatus C) Endoplasmic reticulum D) Mitochondrion E) Lysosome

• D) Peroxisome

• A) Chloroplast

• B) Nucleus

• C) Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the primary role of lysosomes? A) Energy production B) Protein synthesis C) Digestion of waste D) DNA replication E) Cell division

• F) Hormone production

• H) Structural support

• G) Cell signaling

• C) Digestion of waste

Which structure provides support and shape to plant cells? A) Plasma membrane B) Cytoplasm C) Cell wall D) Nucleus E) Mitochondrion

• A) Chloroplast

• C) Cell wall

• B) Ribosome

• D) Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum? A) Energy production B) Protein and lipid synthesis C) Waste removal D) Genetic material storage E) Cell signaling

• F) Cell division

• G) Hormone production

• B) Protein and lipid synthesis

• H) DNA replication