Chapter 11: Montana History

In the late 1800s, the Us government had more power over Indians because

• it had more experience with farming techniques

• the tribes were weakened by the loss of the bison

• it had established the Commissioner of Indian Affairs

• it made the Indians give up their weapons

Huge numbers of Indians died during Starvation Winter because

• they were not prepared for the early winter storms

• the Indians did not want to hunt

• annuities had been reduced and arrived late

• not enough crops had been planted in the spring

The Blackfeet were forced to sell more of their land because they

• did not use it anymore

• were starving and needed the money

• were not miners and the land held gold

• wanted to get along with the Euro-Americans

The underlying problem with assimilation policies was a lack of

• understanding the appreciation for other cultures

• money for implementing programs

• communication and cooperation among tribes

• knowledge about farming and ranching on the reservations

Indian agents controlled life on the reservations in all of the following ways EXCEPT

• withholding food and supplies

• outlawing religious ceremonies

• removing traditional leadership

• forbidding Euro-American-style housing

Indians were especially vulnerable to diseases because they had

• no access to health care

• not yet built up immunities

• to adapt to sudden changes in their lifestyle

• to live in Euro-American-houses in the winter

Indians struggled to have successful farms on the reservations because

• they often had to use unfamiliar and inadequate equipment

• non-Indians used their land for cattle grazing

• non-Indians diverted their water for their own use

• all of the above

Euro-American values conflicted with traditional Indian values in terms of

• individual ownership versus community sharing

• believing horses could be slaughtered but not cattle

• ownership of forest and oil leases

• all of the above

__________ is inherent and cannot be given to one group by another. It ensures the right to self-government, facilitates cultural preservation, and enables a people's control of their own future. Legally, federally recognized tribal nations are considered semi-sovereign entities and as such have a unique relationship to the federal government. It affirms the political identity of Indian Nations; they are not simply a racial or ethnic minority.

• Monarchy

• Sovereignty

• Anarchy

• Hierarchy

What tribe(s) are a part of the Blackfeet Reservation?

• Chippewa-Cree

• Sioux

• Crow

• Blackfeet