Thermal Energy Ch. 2 (ET1) Quiz

A camper decides to make hot chocolate by heating the water in a metal pot over the campfire. Identify (a) in the picture.

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A camper decides to make hot chocolate by heating the water in a metal pot over the campfire. Identify (b) in the picture.

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

A camper decides to make hot chocolate by heating the water in a metal pot over the campfire. Identify (c) in the picture.

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A chef takes four pans from different parts of her kitchen and puts them in two stacks. The diagram below shows the pans before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After the pans have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom pans will be cooler, and why?

• The smaller bottom pan will be cooler than the larger bottom pan, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the top pan.
• The larger bottom pan will be cooler than the smaller bottom pan. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both pans to reach the same total energy.
• The larger bottom pan will be cooler than the smaller bottom pan, because the energy that transferred to it will have spread out over more molecules.
• Both pans will be the same temperature because both of the top pans had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the bottom pans start with the same energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A space shuttle is covered with two layers of carbon. The two layers are the same size and have the same number of molecules. When the space shuttle is sitting on the ground, the layers do not touch, as shown in the diagram above. When the space shuttle takes off, the layers move so that they are touching. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. How does the temperature of the outer layer compare with the temperature of the inner layer before the layers touch? What will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?

• Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
• Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the cooler inner layer will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both layers have an energy of 90, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.
• Before the layers touch, the outer layer is cooler than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the inner layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outer layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.
• Before the layers touch, the layers are different temperatures. Once the layers are touching, kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two layers until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A cook had a jar containing a sweet food and a jar containing a sour food. The image above shows the sweet and sour foods. At room temperature, both foods are liquids. The same amount of energy was transferred into both substances. Later, one of the foods had changed phase while the other had not. Which food changed phase, and how did it change?

• The sour food changed because the molecules were able to move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them. Its molecules now move in place.
• The sweet food changed because the strong attraction between molecules made their movement slower. Its molecules now move around each other.
• The sour food changed because the weak attraction between molecules let them move faster. Its molecules now move away from each other.
• The sweet food changed because the molecules were able to move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them. Its molecules now move away from each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A scientist did a test to compare two substances: Substance Q(brown) and Substance R (blue). At room temperature, both substances are liquid. The scientist transferred the same amount of energy out of both substances. Only one substance changed phase while the other did not. Which substance changed phase, and how did it change?

• Substance Q (brown) changed phase because the attraction of the molecules was able to overcome their slower movement. Its molecules now move in place.
• Substance R (blue) changed phase because the attraction was able to overcome the slower molecules. Its molecules now move in place.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4