Science: Matter and Energy Semester Exam

David is playing with a toy top. As he spins the top, it exhibits a certain type of energy. Match this description with the correct term:

• gravitational potential energy

• kinetic energy

• potential energy

• rotational kinetic energy

• translational kinetic energy

Ava and Zoe are studying chemistry and they learn about atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers. What are these atoms called?

• isobars

• isomers

• isoatoms

• isotopes

Ethan and Elijah are working on a science project about nuclear reactions. They need to determine what term refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required for a chain reaction to occur. What is this term?

• mass number

• critical mass

• specific mass

• mass coefficient

Abigail and Daniel are working on a science project. They need a material that allows current to flow through it with no resistance for their experiment. Which material should they choose?

• superconductor

• semiconductor

• insulator

• resistor

Charlotte is pushing a box across the floor. What is the relationship between the work she does on the box and the energy involved?

• Energy is measured by the amount of work that it can do.

• Work is the rate at which energy is changed to power.

• Energy is the product of work and momentum.

• Work is the product of energy and the distance over which the energy is applied.

What type of potential energy is caused by restorative forces?

• nuclear potential energy

• elastic potential energy

• electric potential energy

• magnetic potential energy

Ava is setting up a science experiment and needs to choose a material through which current does not easily flow. Which material should she choose: __________

• insulator

• conductor

• semiconductor

• electrolyte

Noah noticed that when he brought a charged balloon close to small pieces of paper, the paper pieces jumped towards the balloon without touching it. What process is responsible for this phenomenon?

• insulation

• induction

• conduction

• reduction

What is the rate of electric charge flow?

• voltage

• power

• resistance

• current

Avery is learning about atoms in her science class. She wants to know what term refers to the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. Can you help her?

• Mass number

• Atomic number

• Isotope number

• Electron number