Research Designs

Which study design sits at the top of the hierarchy of evidence for clinical decision-making?

• Case Report

• RCT

• Clinical Practice Guideline

• Cohort Study

A study follows a group of individuals over time to examine the development of outcomes based on exposure to a risk factor. What type of study is this?

• Case Report

• Randomized Controlled Trial

• Cohort Study

• Content Analysis

Which of the following are considered qualitative research methods?

• Phenomenological Research

• RCT

• Content Analyses

• Case Study

What distinguishes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) from a cohort study? (two correct answers)

• RCTs always include qualitative data

• RCTs assign participants randomly to groups, cohort studies do not

• Cohort studies can be retrospective and prospective

• Cohort studies use control groups, RCTs do not

A single detailed account of the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of one patient is known as a:

• Case Report

• Case Series

• RCT

• Systematic Review

What type of study compares patients with a condition (cases) to those without it (controls) to identify potential causes or risk factors?

• Case Control Study

• Case Report

• Cohort Study

• Randomized Controlled Trial

Clinical practice guidelines are typically based on:

• One expert opinion

• A single case report

• Anecdotal evidence

• A synthesis of high-quality evidence like systematic reviews and RCTs

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchy of evidence from highest to lowest?

• Clinical practice guidelines, Systematic reviews, RCTs, Cohort studies, Case reports

• Systematic reviews, RCTs, Cohort studies, Case control studies, Case reports

• Case control studies, RCTs, Systematic reviews, Clinical practice guidelines

• RCTs, Case reports, Systematic reviews, Cohort studies