Semester 2 Final Review Vocabulary

Define: Periodic Table of Elements.

• A table that organizes all known chemical elements by increasing atomic number and groups elements with similar properties in columns.

• A chart that lists only the noble gases in alphabetical order.

• A list of chemical compounds arranged by their melting points.

• A table that shows the phases of the moon throughout the year.

Define: Elements.

• A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom.

• A mixture of two or more substances.

• A substance that can be separated by physical means.

• A compound made of different atoms.

Define: Protons.

• Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Negatively charged subatomic particles found outside the nucleus.

• Neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Positively charged particles found outside the nucleus.

Define: Neutrons.

Define: Electrons.

• Negatively charged subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.

• Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Particles responsible for holding the nucleus together.

Define: Group (in the periodic table).

• A vertical column in the periodic table containing elements with similar chemical properties.

• A horizontal row in the periodic table containing elements with increasing atomic number.

• A block of elements with the same number of protons.

• A section of the periodic table containing only metals.

Define: Period (in the periodic table).

• A horizontal row in the periodic table.

• A vertical column in the periodic table.

• The atomic number of an element.

• The number of electrons in the outer shell.

Define: Metals.

• Elements that are typically shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and malleable.

• Elements that are always liquid at room temperature and poor conductors of electricity.

• Compounds that are dull, brittle, and do not conduct heat or electricity.

• Substances that are only found in gaseous form and are non-reactive.

Define: Nonmetals.

• Elements that are usually not shiny, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and are brittle.

• Elements that are always shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and are malleable.

• Elements that are always gases at room temperature and are magnetic.

• Elements that are only found in liquid state and are radioactive.

Define: Metalloids.

• Elements with properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals.

• Elements that are only metals.

• Elements that are only nonmetals.

• Elements that are gases at room temperature.