Ming/Ottoman Unit Quest

The voyages of Zheng He, development of blue and white porcelain, and the establishment of the Forbidden City are all associated with the

• Tokugawa shogunate

• Ming dynasty

• Axum Kingdom

• Umayyad dynasty

The map shows that on his voyages, Zheng He explored the

• Atlantic Ocean

• Mediterranean Sea

• Indian Ocean

• Mississippi River

The Chinese belief that China was the Middle Kingdom is an example of

• extraterritoriality

• ethnocentrism

• filial piety

• the Mandate of Heaven

“The countries beyond the horizon and from the ends of the Earth have all become subjects and to the most western of the western or the most northern of the northern countries however far away they may be.” — Ming dynasty official

• demonstrate supremacy and strength in China

• control the Mongols

• stop European imperialism

• impose Chinese culture and slavery on neighboring countries

The ethnocentric attitudes of various Chinese emperors can be attributed to the

• cultural isolation of China

• failure of other nations to become interested in China

• interest of Chinese scholars in other civilizations

• great cultural diversity within China’s borders

What is one reason the Ming emperors did not expand China’s economic influence across the Indian Ocean after the voyages of Zheng He?

• Resources were needed to combat Japanese Invaders.

• Developing trade networks with Russia was more profitable.

• Conquering European territories drained China’s treasury.

• Foreign goods were considered inferior to those produced in China.

The decision to end Zheng He’s voyages is considered a turning point in the history of Ming China because this action

• marked a shift to a more traditional inward focus

• promoted the Chinese colonization of Africa and South Asia

• forced the emperor to abdicate

• caused the dynasty to reject Confucianism

One way in which the voyages of Zheng He authorized by Emperor Yongle of China and the explorations funded by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain are similar is that these voyages and explorations resulted in

• an increasing effort to preserve the status quo

• trade and cultural diffusion

• the creation of colonial empires

• naval wars between rival powers

In Chinese history prior to the 20th century, cultural traditions were transmitted primarily by the

• government

• family

• schools

• influence of foreigners

Use the following statement for questions 10 and 11 “Hitherto, all European nations, including your own country's barbarian merchants, have carried on trade with our Celestial Empire at Canton. Such has been the procedure for many centuries, although our Celestial Empire possesses all things in prolific abundance and lacks no product within its own borders. There is, therefore, no need to import any of the manufactures of outside barbarians in exchange for our own products.”– Letter from Ch’ien Lung to George III, dated 1793 10. The statement reflects a period of China’s history characterized by

• socialism

• ethnocentrism

• militarism

• colonialism