Evolution and natural selection

What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?

• Homologous structures are similar due to convergent evolution, while analogous structures are similar due to shared ancestry.

• Homologous structures are similar due to shared ancestry, while analogous structures are similar due to convergent evolution.

• Homologous structures are found in different species, while analogous structures are found in the same species.

• Homologous structures serve the same function, while analogous structures serve different functions.

What is biological evolution?

• The change over time in populations of related species.

• A process that occurs only in animals.

• The study of ancient fossils and their habitats.

• A method of genetic engineering in plants.

What happens if an organism can't adapt fast enough?

• It may become extinct.

• It will thrive in its environment.

• It will evolve into a different species.

• It will migrate to a new habitat.

What is the definition of fitness in the context of evolution?

• The ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment.

• The total number of offspring produced by an organism.

• The strength and endurance of an organism in physical activities.

• The ability to adapt to any environment without change.

Who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

• Charles Darwin

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

• Galileo Galilei

What is the concept of survival of the fittest?

• It refers to the idea that individuals best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

• It suggests that only the strongest individuals in a population will survive regardless of their adaptation.

• It means that all individuals have an equal chance of survival in any environment.

• It indicates that survival is determined solely by luck and chance.

What are variations in the context of evolution?

• A slight difference in an inherited trait between individual members of the same species.

• A major change in the genetic structure of a population over time.

• The process by which organisms adapt to their environment through natural selection.

• The random changes in DNA sequences that occur in all living organisms.

What is natural selection?

• The process where organisms with traits better suited to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully.

• A method of breeding plants and animals to enhance desirable traits.

• A theory that suggests all species are static and unchanging.

• The phenomenon where organisms randomly die off without any influence from their traits.

What role do mutations play in evolution?

• Mutations have no effect on genetic variation.

• Mutations introduce new genetic variations that can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.

• Mutations only lead to harmful changes in organisms.

• Mutations are always beneficial for the survival of a species.

What is a common misconception about evolution?

• That evolution is a linear process leading to 'better' organisms; it is actually a branching process.

• That evolution occurs only through natural selection and not through genetic drift.

• That all species evolve at the same rate and in the same way.

• That evolution is a theory and not a fact.