5.4: Selection of Categories of Psychological Disorders

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

• A pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control.

• A condition characterized by excessive worry and anxiety.

• A disorder marked by impulsive behavior and lack of planning.

• A mental health issue involving mood swings and emotional instability.

Depressive Disorders

• Characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.

• A condition marked by excessive energy and euphoria.

• A disorder involving extreme mood swings between highs and lows.

• A mental health issue characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.

Delusions

• False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.

• A type of mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness.

• A cognitive disorder that affects memory and thinking skills.

• A personality disorder marked by unstable moods and behavior.

Schizoid personality disorder

• A pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.

• An excessive need for approval and sensitivity to rejection.

• A pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others.

• A pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects.

Schizophrenia Causes

• A combination of genetic, brain chemistry, and environmental factors.

• Only genetic factors are responsible.

• Environmental factors alone cause schizophrenia.

• Brain chemistry is the sole cause of schizophrenia.

Dependent personality disorder

• A pattern of excessive independence and self-sufficiency.

• A pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be taken care of.

• A pattern of aggressive and confrontational behavior.

• A pattern of avoidance and fear of social situations.

Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder

• A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

• A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.

• A personality disorder characterized by a long-term pattern of unstable relationships and self-image.

• An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive worry and fear about everyday situations.

Specific Phobia

• An intense, irrational fear of a specific object or situation.

• A general fear of all objects and situations.

• A mild discomfort in social situations.

• A fear that can be easily controlled and managed.

Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

• Includes disorders like OCD and hoarding disorder.

• Includes only anxiety disorders.

• Includes only mood disorders.

• Includes only personality disorders.

Cluster C Personality disorders

• Characterized by impulsive behaviors, includes borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders.

• Characterized by anxious or fearful behaviors, includes avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders.

• Characterized by eccentric or odd behaviors, includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders.

• Characterized by dramatic or erratic behaviors, includes antisocial, borderline, and histrionic personality disorders.