Understanding Viruses and Bacteria

Which of the following best describes why viruses require a host cell?

• They need a host to obtain energy for metabolic processes.

• They can perform all metabolic processes independently.

• They have their own cellular machinery for metabolism.

• They do not need any metabolic processes to survive.

What is the primary role of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

• They cause diseases in plants.

• They decompose organic matter.

• They fix atmospheric nitrogen.

• They produce oxygen.

Who provided significant evidence supporting the germ theory of infectious disease?

• Charles Darwin

• Louis Pasteur

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

Which of the following is a method by which bacteria reproduce?

• Binary fission

• Budding

• Fragmentation

• Spore formation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

Which structure is found in bacteria but not in viruses?

• Cell wall

• Capsid

• Envelope

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

How do viruses use host cells to replicate?

• By using the host's ribosomes to make viral proteins

• By dividing through binary fission

• By photosynthesis

• By producing their own energy

Explain one way bacteria benefit the environment.

• They cause food spoilage.

• They recycle nutrients by decomposing dead organisms.

• They only cause diseases.

• They block sunlight.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which experiment provided evidence for the germ theory of disease?

• Pasteur’s swan-neck flask experiment

• Mendel’s pea plant experiment

• Darwin’s finch observation

• Newton’s apple experiment

Compare the replication of viruses and bacteria.

• Both use binary fission.

• Viruses replicate using host machinery, bacteria divide independently.

• Both use mitosis.

• Both require a host cell for division.

Which of the following best compares the structure of bacteria and viruses?

• Both have a nucleus.

• Bacteria have a cell wall; viruses have a protein coat.

• Both have mitochondria.

• Viruses have ribosomes; bacteria do not.