Inv. 3 Plant and Animal Cells

What do scientists call the parts of a cell?

• Pieces

• Sections

• Organelles

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Scientists refer to the parts of a cell as organelles. These specialized structures perform various functions essential for the cell's life, making 'organelles' the correct term, unlike 'pieces' or 'sections'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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This organelle is the trash and recycling center of a cell.

• Mitochondria

• Lysosome

• Chloroplast

• Vacuole

Answer explanation

The lysosome is known as the cell's trash and recycling center because it contains enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris, making it essential for cellular maintenance and recycling.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

I provide plant cells their rigid shape. I am the...

• Basketball that Nic Quarne left in Mr. Woller's room last week

• Cytoskeleton

• Cell Membrane

• Cell Wall

Answer explanation

The cell wall provides plant cells with their rigid shape, distinguishing them from animal cells. The cytoskeleton supports cell structure but is not rigid, and the cell membrane is flexible, making 'Cell Wall' the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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Animals cells and plant cells are exactly the same.

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Animal cells and plant cells have key differences, such as the presence of a cell wall and chloroplasts in plant cells, making the statement false.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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Which of these organelles do animal cells not have?

• Nucleus

• Chloroplasts

• Cell membrane

• Lysosome

Answer explanation

Animal cells do not have chloroplasts, as these organelles are involved in photosynthesis, which occurs in plant cells. Animal cells have a nucleus, cell membrane, and lysosomes, but lack chloroplasts.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

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What is the function of the cell wall in a plant cell?

• To control what enters and leaves the cell

• To provide structure and support

• To produce energy for the cell

• To store nutrients

Answer explanation

The cell wall in a plant cell provides structure and support, helping to maintain the cell's shape and protect it from external stress. It is not involved in controlling entry/exit, energy production, or nutrient storage.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

Answer explanation

The chloroplast is the organelle in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy. Mitochondria are for respiration, ribosomes for protein synthesis, and the nucleus contains genetic material.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in animal cells?

• To store genetic information

• To produce energy

• To synthesize proteins

• To digest waste materials

Answer explanation

The primary function of mitochondria in animal cells is to produce energy through cellular respiration, converting nutrients into ATP, which powers various cellular processes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following is NOT found in animal cells?

• Cell membrane

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are not found in animal cells; they are present in plant cells for photosynthesis. Animal cells have cell membranes, nuclei, and mitochondria, which are essential for their functions.

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

• To produce proteins

• To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell

• To provide energy

• To store water

Answer explanation

The main function of the cell membrane is to control the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis and allowing selective permeability, which is essential for cell function.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2