Chemistry – Precision and Design Semester Test

Samuel is observing the colors of a rainbow. If the wavelength of the light he observes decreases, how must its frequency change?

• Decrease

• Remain the same

• Increase

• Fluctuate

In a workshop, Arjun is learning about different arrangements of atoms in crystals. He discovers that the _____ cubic arrangement of atoms in a crystal has the least empty space of any cubic arrangement.

What does the principal quantum number describe?

• Electron shell

• Orbital shape

• Orbital orientation

• Electron spin

Nora is learning about chemical reactions in her science class. She discovers that elements tend to react chemically to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration, whether by losing, gaining, or sharing electrons. What principle is she learning about?

• Hund’s rule

• valence rule

• octet rule

• uncertainty principle

Grace was preparing for her chemistry exam and came across a question: Who developed the periodic table of the elements?

• Dmitri Mendeleev

• Johann Döbereiner

• John Newlands

• Henry Moseley

Lily is arranging electrons in the outermost shell of an atom. What is the maximum number of valence electrons she can place in that shell?

• 2

• 4

• 8

• 10

Ava and Isla are baking cookies. They have 2 cups of flour and 1 cup of sugar. The recipe requires 1 cup of flour and 1 cup of sugar for each batch. What is the limiting reactant in their baking process?

• The ingredient that determines the temperature of the oven

• The ingredient that is completely consumed first after making the batches

• To calculate the pressure of the kitchen

• To measure the volume of the ingredients

Olivia, an aspiring astronomer, wants to study the elemental composition of stars. She decides to observe the spectrum of a star and compare it to the spectra of elements on Earth. What laboratory instrument would Olivia use for such an investigation?

• Colorimeter

• Spectrometer

• Mass spectrometer

• Laser

During a science quiz, James was asked: "The elements in column 18 are the ____?"

Benjamin is studying chemistry and wants to understand why knowing electron configurations is important. Which of the following statements best explains this importance?

• The electron configuration is related to an element’s location on the periodic table.

• The electron configuration of an ion differs from that of a neutral atom.

• The electron configuration determines an atom’s chemical behavior.

• The electron configuration identifies which electron shells are completely filled.