Eda ortakaya

According to Kolb's experiential learning theory, which of the following is the first stage of the learning cycle?

• Abstract Conceptualization

• Active Experimentation

• Concrete Experience

• Reflective Observation

Reflective Observation in Kolb's learning cycle involves:

• Applying new ideas to the world around you.

• Forming abstract concepts based on your experiences.

• Encountering a new experience or reinterpreting an existing one.

• Paying attention to and reflecting on the new experience.

According to Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory; Effective learning occurs when a learner:

• Focuses on a single stage of the learning cycle.

• Skips stages of the learning cycle to learn faster.

• Progresses through a cycle of four stages.

• Primarily relies on abstract conceptualization.

Which of the following is NOT listed as one of Gardner's Multiple Intelligences?

• Logical-Mathematical

• Emotional

• Musical

• Spatial

According to Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System, the "Ideal L2 Self" component represents:

• Practical reasons for learning a second language, such as job opportunities.

• The learner's actual proficiency level in the second language.

• How learners envision their desired future selves regarding language ability.

• The influence of the learning environment on motivation.

During the Telegraphic Speech stage of first language acquisition, children typically produce sentences that:

• Are characterized by crying, cooing, and babbling.

• Consist of single words expressing full thoughts.

• Are longer but often missing function words.

• Contain full grammatical rules and complex questions.

According to the Interaction Hypothesis, what primarily improves second language acquisition?

• Focus on grammatical accuracy

• Passive listening to native speakers

• Meaningful interaction

• Explicit vocabulary instruction

According to Personality Traits and Second Language Acquisition (SLA), Which personality trait might lead a learner to excel in reading and writing but potentially struggle with speaking?

• Extroversion

• Anxiety

• Willingness to Communicate (WTC)

• Introversion

Which of the following factors most strongly supports successful second language acquisition in adults?

• The ability to memorize long vocabulary lists

• A strong fear of making mistakes

• Regular exposure and interaction in the target language

• Learning grammar rules only through textbooks

  interaction in the target language

According to Long's Interaction Hypothesis, which of the following best explains why modified interaction facilitates second language acquisition?

• It reduces learners’ anxiety by avoiding complex input.

• It exposes learners to native-like pronunciation and advanced vocabulary.

• It allows learners to notice gaps in their interlanguage and adjust their output accordingly.

• It focuses solely on grammatical correction rather than meaning negotiation.