Final Exam Vocab

The Renaissance

• The spread of diseases in Europe

• A period of decline in scientific knowledge

• A time of renewed interest in art and learning in Europe (1300-1600)

• The discovery of the Americas

Christian humanism

• The belief in absolute monarchy

• A rejection of religious principles

• Worship of ancient Roman gods

• A movement focused on reforming society through Christian values

Humanism

• The belief in obedience to monarchs

• Support for warfare

• Appreciation for individual achievements and classical learning

• A focus on economic control

The Protestant Reformation

• A religious movement that aimed to reform the Catholic Church

• The process of urbanizing cities

• A shift to agricultural societies

• The conquest of the Americas

Martin Luther

• A monk who challenged the Catholic Church and started the Reformation

• An artist of the Renaissance period

• A French king who supported the Enlightenment

• An explorer of the New World

What was the printing press?

• A weapon used during the Reformation

• A political assembly in France

• A device that revolutionized the spread of information in Europe

• A technique for creating sculptures

What was the Columbian Exchange?

• The transfer of goods, diseases, and ideas between Europe and the Americas

• A trading route between Africa and Asia

• A peace agreement between European powers

• The migration of animals from Asia to Europe

What motivated Spanish exploration?

• A focus on spreading democracy worldwide

• Expeditions motivated by “God, glory, and gold”

• A quest to develop new farming techniques

• Aimed at ending imperialism in Africa

What is a divine right monarchy?

• The belief that monarchs’ authority comes directly from God

• A government led by elected officials

• A system of shared power between the Church and state

• A form of democracy

The Scientific Revolution

• A movement to replace monarchies with democracies

• The Renaissance focus on art and humanism

• A period of advancements in science based on observation and experimentation

• The rejection of Enlightenment principles