Water, Health, and Ecosystems Review #2: 24-25

Which of the following is a basic characteristic of bacteria that distinguishes them from viruses?

• Bacteria can reproduce on their own, while viruses need a host cell.

• Bacteria are always harmful, while viruses are always helpful.

• Bacteria are not living organisms, while viruses are living.

• Bacteria do not have genetic material, while viruses do.

What is the main function of producers in a food web?

• Breaking down dead organisms

• Making their own food through photosynthesis

• Eating other animals for energy

• Competing for shelter

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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Which physical factor is commonly measured to determine the potability of water in North Carolina?

• Wind speed

• Turbidity

• Soil type

• Air pressure

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

What is the largest source of freshwater on Earth?

• Oceans

• Glaciers and ice caps

• Rivers

• Underground caves

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

A student observes that a local pond has become cloudy and fish are dying. Which combination of water quality factors should the student test to help determine the cause?

• Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity

• Wind speed, soil pH, and sunlight

• Air pressure, humidity, and rainfall

• Rock type, soil color, and plant height

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A community is experiencing an increase in cases of a disease caused by a parasite. Which prevention method would be most effective in reducing the spread?

• Washing hands regularly and cooking food thoroughly

• Taking antibiotics for all illnesses

• Avoiding all contact with animals

• Increasing the use of chemical fertilizers

If a drought reduces the amount of water in a river ecosystem, what is the most likely effect on the populations of fish and aquatic plants?

• Both populations will increase due to less competition.

• Both populations will decrease due to limited resources.

• Only fish populations will increase.

• Only plant populations will decrease.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

A student is given a diagram showing several rock layers with different fossils. How can the student determine which rock layer is the oldest?

• By identifying the layer with the most recent fossils

• By finding the bottommost layer in the sequence

• By measuring the thickness of each layer

• By counting the number of fossils in each layer

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

A city near the coast of North Carolina notices a sudden drop in dissolved oxygen in its estuary. Using evidence, explain how this could impact both the local ecosystem and human activities, and suggest a strategy for monitoring or improving water quality.

• Low dissolved oxygen can cause fish kills, harming the ecosystem and local fishing industry; regular water testing and reducing pollution can help.

• Low dissolved oxygen will only affect plant growth, so no action is needed.

• High dissolved oxygen is dangerous for humans, so swimming should be banned.

• Dissolved oxygen does not affect living organisms, so monitoring is unnecessary.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

A new disease spreads rapidly across several continents, causing global concern. Using reasoning, explain how this situation is classified and what strategies could be used to prevent further spread.

• It is a pandemic; strategies include international cooperation, vaccination, and public health measures.

• It is an epidemic; only local measures are needed.

• It is a parasite outbreak; antibiotics are the only solution.

• It is a seasonal illness; no action is required.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-1