Sem 2 Review Quizs

Protein Molecule

• A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

• A type of carbohydrate that provides energy to the body.

• A lipid that is essential for cell membrane structure.

• A nucleic acid that stores genetic information.

Polypeptide

• A type of carbohydrate made of sugar molecules.

• A polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

• A lipid molecule that stores energy.

• A nucleic acid that carries genetic information.

tRNA

• Transfer RNA; a type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome for polymerization into a polypeptide.

• A type of RNA that helps in the replication of DNA.

• A type of RNA that is involved in the transcription of genes.

• A type of RNA that serves as a structural component of ribosomes.

Chromosomal Mutation

• A mutation involving a long segment of DNA that can involve deletions, insertions, or inversions of sections of DNA.

• A mutation that only affects a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

• A mutation that occurs only in the mitochondrial DNA.

• A mutation that is always harmful to the organism.

DNA Replication

• The process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

• The process of converting RNA into DNA.

• The mechanism by which proteins are synthesized from amino acids.

• The method of repairing damaged DNA strands.

rRNA

• Ribosomal RNA; a type of RNA that, together with proteins, makes up the ribosome.

• Transfer RNA; a type of RNA that helps in the translation of mRNA into proteins.

• Messenger RNA; a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

• Small nuclear RNA; a type of RNA involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA.

Guanine

• A nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with adenine.

• A nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine.

• A sugar molecule that forms the backbone of DNA.

• A type of protein that helps in DNA replication.

Amino Acid

• Organic compounds that combine to form proteins.

• Simple sugars that provide energy.

• Fatty acids that store energy.

• Nucleotides that form DNA.

Double Helix Model

• A structure of RNA consisting of a single strand.

• A structure of DNA, consisting of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder.

• A protein structure that forms a triple helix.

• A carbohydrate structure that forms a double ring.

Uracil

• A nitrogenous base found in DNA; pairs with thymine.

• A nitrogenous base found in RNA; pairs with adenine.

• A sugar molecule found in RNA; pairs with ribose.

• A protein component found in ribosomes.