UNIT 2 FINAL REVIEW

What are the characteristics of Gregorian Chant?

• single line melody, monophonic texture, follows inflections of latin text, free flowing, non metric, avoids wide leaps

• polyphonic texture, strong rhythmic pulse, uses modern English text, highly metric

• multiple instruments, wide leaps, syncopated rhythms, major scales

• homophonic texture, strict meter, use of electronic instruments, wide dynamic range

Define the different types of text settings in Gregorian Chant: Syllabic, Neumatic, Melismatic.

• Syllabic: one note sung to each syllable; Neumatic: three to five notes sung to each syllable; Melismatic: more notes sung to a syllable

• Syllabic: more notes sung to a syllable; Neumatic: one note sung to each syllable; Melismatic: three to five notes sung to each syllable

• Syllabic: three to five notes sung to each syllable; Neumatic: more notes sung to a syllable; Melismatic: one note sung to each syllable

• Syllabic: one note sung to each syllable; Neumatic: more notes sung to a syllable; Melismatic: three to five notes sung to each syllable

What is the mass liturgy? What are Proper Texts and Ordinary Texts?

• Mass Liturgy are prayers that make up the mass. Proper Texts: varies from day to day. Ordinary Texts: texts that remain the same everyday.

• Mass Liturgy is a type of music played during mass. Proper Texts: are always the same. Ordinary Texts: change every day.

• Mass Liturgy refers to the church building. Proper Texts: are the decorations. Ordinary Texts: are the seats.

• Mass Liturgy is a festival. Proper Texts: are the food served. Ordinary Texts: are the games played.

What are some secular music traditions of the middle ages?

• Some traditions were popular repertoire of songs and dances to reflect aspects of medieval life and minstrels.

• Gregorian chant and liturgical drama were the main secular traditions.

• Only instrumental music was considered secular in the Middle Ages.

• Secular music was limited to royal courts and not performed by common people.

Who are Troubadours/Trouveres and what are some of their characteristics?

• They were french poet-musicians that flourished at various aristocratic courts of Europe. Troubadours were from southern France and Trouveres were from northern France. They were sometimes members of aristocratic and royal families. They used notation systems developed for plainchant.

• They were Italian painters known for their religious frescoes and sculptures.

• They were German philosophers who contributed to the development of modern science.

• They were English playwrights famous for their tragedies and comedies.

What is the quadrivium and what are the subjects a part of it?

• Quadrivium was an essential education of the late middle ages. The subjects are music, mathematics, geometry, and astronomy.

• Quadrivium was a medieval art form. The subjects are painting, sculpture, poetry, and dance.

• Quadrivium was a religious doctrine. The subjects are theology, philosophy, ethics, and logic.

• Quadrivium was a political system. The subjects are law, governance, economics, and history.

What is a chanson?

• A chanson is a French song.

• A chanson is a type of Italian pasta.

• A chanson is a Spanish dance.

• A chanson is a German poem.

What is polyphony? What is organum?

• Polyphony is the second voice added to Gregorian melody. Organum is the polyphonic music that became more standardized.

• Polyphony is a type of solo singing. Organum is a type of dance.

• Polyphony is a type of musical instrument. Organum is a type of painting.

• Polyphony is a type of poetry. Organum is a type of sculpture.

Who were the first composers associated with organum?

• Leonin and Perotin were the first names associated with organum.

• Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel were the first names associated with organum.

• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven were the first names associated with organum.

• Claudio Monteverdi and Antonio Vivaldi were the first names associated with organum.

How did music making expand during the Renaissance?

• Music making expanded during the Renaissance through secular genres.

• Music making expanded during the Renaissance through the invention of the electric guitar.

• Music making expanded during the Renaissance by focusing only on religious chants.

• Music making expanded during the Renaissance by eliminating all vocal music.