Second Semester Exam Review 24 25

Gravity helps form stars, planets, and solar systems by the gradual gathering together of smaller pieces in a process called

• inertia

• spinning

• accretion

• collapsing

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Space exploration has advanced our knowledge of the universe. Which space journey would take the longest?

• a journey from Earth to the sun

• a journey from Earth to the moon

• a journey from Earth to a star in the constellation Centaurus

• a journey from Earth to the farthest planet in our solar system, Neptune.

Two new planets are discovered, planet X and planet Y. The planets have identical volumes, but the mass of planet X is two times greater than the mass of planet Y. If two identical spaceships land on each planet, which of the following will be true?

• The mass of the spaceship on planet Y will be greater than the mass of the spaceship on planet X.

• The weight of the spaceship on planet Y will be greater than the weight of the spaceship on planet X.

• The mass of the spaceship on planet X will be greater than the mass of the spaceship on Planet Y.

• The weight of the spaceship on planet X will be greater than the weight of the spaceship on planet Y.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

What characteristic of stars is measured by luminosity?

• brightness

• size

• temperature

• distance from Earth

What is the name of the object that can be seen in the circled area of the sun?

• sunspot

• solar flare

• gamma rays

• prominence

The graph below summarizes the relationship between absolute magnitude and color in stars. Based on evidence in the graph above, what claim can be made about the relationship between temperature and absolute magnitude?

• Absolute magnitude is not related to the temperature of a star.

• A hotter star has a greater absolute magnitude than a cooler star.

• There is an inverse relationship between temperature and absolute magnitude.

• Hotter stars will have a more positive value for absolute magnitude, which means luminosity.

Which term best describes the movement of matter due to temperature differences in the sun?

• conduction

• convection

• nuclear fusion

• radiation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The sun is massive. It contains 99.8% of the mass in the solar system and is made up of several different elements. Which of these elements makes up about 25% of the mass of the sun?

• helium

• hydrogen

• neon

• silicon

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

The distance between objects, along with the masses of the objects, affect the gravitational force between the objects. Which claim can be supported by Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

• When the masses of objects increase, gravitational force decreases.

• When distance between objects increases, gravitational force decreases.

• When distance between objects decreases, gravitational force decreases.

• When the mass of objects decrease, the distance between objects decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

During a sunspot cycle, the number of sunspots rises and falls, and their locations change. What is the length of the sunspot cycle?

• about 1 month

• about 11 months

• about 1 year

• about 11 years