Earth Science Final Exam Study Guide - Science Skills

List the 6 steps of the scientific method IN ORDER.

• Step 1: Problem OR Question Step 2: Research Step 3: Hypothesis Step 4: Experiment Step 5: Data (analyze data) Step 6: Conclusion (summary)

• Step 1: Research Step 2: Problem OR Question Step 3: Hypothesis Step 4: Data (analyze data) Step 5: Experiment Step 6: Conclusion (summary)

• Step 1: Hypothesis Step 2: Research Step 3: Problem OR Question Step 4: Experiment Step 5: Conclusion (summary) Step 6: Data (analyze data)

• Step 1: Problem OR Question Step 2: Hypothesis Step 3: Research Step 4: Data (analyze data) Step 5: Experiment Step 6: Conclusion (summary)

What is the difference between the independent and dependent variables? Include where each variable would be found on a graph.

• A. Independent: IN your hands (scientist controls) (CAUSE). Graphed on the x-axis B. Dependent: What you are measuring (results) (EFFECT). Graphed on the y-axis

• A. Independent: What you are measuring (results) (EFFECT). Graphed on the y-axis B. Dependent: IN your hands (scientist controls) (CAUSE). Graphed on the x-axis

• A. Independent: Always graphed on the y-axis, and is the effect B. Dependent: Always graphed on the x-axis, and is the cause

• A. Independent: The variable that is always constant, graphed on the y-axis B. Dependent: The variable that never changes, graphed on the x-axis

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is the difference between the control and constant?

• A. Control: the “normal” group (does not receive experimental treatment) B. Constant: stays the SAME throughout the entire experiment (consistency)

• A. Control: changes throughout the experiment B. Constant: receives the experimental treatment

• A. Control: is always a variable B. Constant: is the group that gets the treatment

• A. Control: is the group that always changes B. Constant: is the group that is measured

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Explain when you would use each of the 3 types of graphs: bar, line, and circle graph. Think about the type of data being graphed.

• Bar: used for comparison or snapshot data Line: used for continuous or ongoing data Circle: used for percent data or parts of a whole (fractions) (also called a pie chart)

• Bar: used for percent data or parts of a whole Line: used for comparison or snapshot data Circle: used for continuous or ongoing data

• Bar: used for continuous or ongoing data Line: used for percent data or parts of a whole Circle: used for comparison or snapshot data

• Bar: used for comparison or snapshot data Line: used for percent data or parts of a whole Circle: used for continuous or ongoing data

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Label the graphs below as either: bar, line, OR circle graph.

• Pie Chart OR Circle Graph

• Bar Graph

• Line Graph

Which of the following best explains the difference between qualitative and quantitative data?

• Qualitative data describes qualities or characteristics; quantitative data involves numbers and measurements.

• Qualitative data involves numbers and measurements; quantitative data describes qualities or characteristics.

• Both qualitative and quantitative data involve only numbers.

• Qualitative data and quantitative data are the same.

Give 3 examples of qualitative data.

• white snow, liquid water, rough texture

• 5 apples, 10 cars, 3 books

• 100 cm, 50 kg, 20 liters

• 2 hours, 3 days, 1 week

Give 3 examples of quantitative data.

• 10g, 2 birds, 1434lbs of calcium

• Red, Blue, Green

• Tall, Short, Medium

• Circle, Square, Triangle

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Record accurate measurements for the following pieces of lab equipment. Remember to add the correct UNITS! What is the measurement for A?

• 47 mL

• 42 mL

• 53 mL

• 60 mL

What is the measurement for B?

• 7.6 cm

• 5.2 cm

• 8.4 cm

• 6.1 cm