Research Methods - Lesson 3

What is a non-participant observation?

• When the researcher is directly involved with the participants.

• When the researcher does not get directly involved with the participants.

• When the researcher goes undercover.

• When the group knows they are being observed.

In which type of observation does the psychologist go undercover and not reveal their identity?

• Overt Observation

• Participant Observation

• Covert Observation

• Naturalistic Observation

What is the main characteristic of a naturalistic observation?

• The researcher manipulates the independent variable.

• The researcher observes participants in a controlled environment.

• The researcher observes participants in their own environment without manipulation.

• The researcher interacts directly with the participants.

Which type of observation involves the group knowing they are being observed?

• Covert Observation

• Non-Participant Observation

• Overt Observation

• Naturalistic Observation

What is the primary focus of participant observation?

• Observing without interaction.

• Direct involvement with the participants.

• Observing in a natural setting without manipulation.

• Going undercover to observe.

What is one advantage of naturalistic observation?

• High control over extraneous variables

• High mundane realism and ecological validity

• Easy determination of cause and effect

• Low observer bias

Why might observer effects be reduced in covert observation?

• Participants are aware they are being observed

• Participants change their behavior

• Participants are unaware they are being observed

• Observers manipulate variables

What is a disadvantage of naturalistic observation?

• High control over variables

• Easy determination of cause and effect

• Risk of observer bias

• High ecological validity

In controlled observation, what allows for the determination of cause and effect?

• High mundane realism

• Manipulation of the independent variable

• Lack of observer effects

• High ecological validity

What is a disadvantage of controlled observation?

• High mundane realism

• High ecological validity

• Lower mundane realism and ecological validity

• No control over extraneous variables