B3.3 Muscle and motility

Goniometer

• An instrument that measures the angle of a joint's range of motion.

• A device used to measure temperature changes.

• A tool for assessing blood pressure levels.

• An apparatus for determining the speed of sound.

Motor neurone

• A type of muscle cell that contracts to produce movement.

• A nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland.

• A cell that transmits sensory information to the brain.

• A type of glial cell that supports and protects neurons.

Movement

• The act of changing physical location or position.

• A state of rest or inactivity.

• The process of growing or developing.

• A type of physical exercise.

Extension

• The action of moving a limb from a bent to a straight position.

• The action of bending a limb at a joint.

• The action of rotating a limb around its axis.

• The action of lifting a limb upwards.

Ribcage

• The bony frame formed by the ribs around the chest.

• A type of muscle that supports breathing.

• A protective layer of skin around the torso.

• The structure that connects the spine to the pelvis.

What is a fulcrum in the human body?

• A type of muscle that contracts

• A joint that allows movement (e.g. elbow, knee, shoulder)

• A bone that acts as a lever

• A load that is moved by muscles

Sessile

• Fixed in one place; immobile.

• Able to move freely and quickly.

• Floating on the surface of water.

• Capable of rapid growth and reproduction.

Viscous

• Having a thin, watery consistency.

• Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.

• Having a smooth, creamy texture.

• Having a solid, rigid form.

Hinge joints

• Joints that allow movement in one plane, like the knee or elbow.

• Joints that allow rotational movement, like the shoulder.

• Joints that allow movement in multiple planes, like the hip.

• Joints that do not allow any movement, like the skull sutures.

Relaxation

• The process of a muscle returning to its original state after contraction.

• The process of a muscle tightening and shortening.

• The state of a muscle being completely inactive.

• The process of a muscle being stretched beyond its normal length.