Sociological Perspectives on Work and Society

Which theoretical perspective suggests that work and the economy serve several functions for society by providing goods and services?

• Conflict theory

• Symbolic interactionism

• Functionalism

• Marxism

According to conflict theory, what does control of the economy enable the economic elite to do?

• Promote equality in the workplace

• Maintain their position at the top of society

• Encourage innovation and creativity

• Reduce workplace harassment

What is the centrally important resource in a post-industrial society?

• Manufacturing

• Agriculture

• Knowledge

• Raw materials

In post-Fordism, what is the focus of industrial organization and employment policy?

• Mass production for large markets

• Skilled labor for small markets

• Unskilled labor for global markets

• Automation for efficiency

How does work contribute to social life according to the Functionalist Perspective?

• It isolates individuals from society.

• It contributes to social status, social identity, and self-esteem.

• It discourages community involvement.

• It promotes economic inequality.

What term did Durkheim use to describe the type of solidarity that develops in industrial societies with a complex division of labor?

• Mechanical Solidarity

• Organic Solidarity

• Global Solidarity

• Social Solidarity

What type of solidarity is associated with traditional societies according to Durkheim?

• Organic solidarity

• Mechanical solidarity

• Social solidarity

• Economic solidarity

What does industrialization bring according to Durkheim's perspective?

• Mechanical solidarity

• Organic solidarity

• Economic independence

• Social isolation

What did Durkheim believe organic solidarity offered?

• Greater conflict

• Greater solidarity and individual freedom

• Less social interaction

• More economic disparity

What did Durkheim predict would help overcome anomie?

• Increased government control

• Rise of work associations

• Decrease in industrialization

• More traditional societies