How do oceans affect the climate of nearby land areas?

• They make winters colder and summers hotter.

• They have no effect on climate.

• They usually cause warmer winters and cooler summers.

• They increase the amount of precipitation everywhere.

Answer explanation

Oceans moderate temperatures, leading to warmer winters and cooler summers in nearby land areas. This is due to the ocean's ability to store and release heat, influencing local climate patterns.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

​ (a)   makes up about 21% of the Earth's atmosphere, while​ (b)   makes up 78%

• Carbon dioxide

• Argon

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

Answer explanation

Oxygen makes up about 21% of the Earth's atmosphere, while Nitrogen constitutes approximately 78%. This is a fundamental fact about atmospheric composition.

Which TWO of the following does a weather map use to show areas of high and low pressure?

• L for low pressure (red)

• H for high pressure (blue)

• L for low pressure (blue)

• H for high pressure (red)

Answer explanation

Weather maps use 'L' for low pressure (red) and 'H' for high pressure (blue) to visually distinguish these areas. This color coding helps in quickly identifying pressure systems on the map.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which instrument is used to measure the quantity of dampness (humidity) in the air?

• Barometer

• Anemometer

• Hygrometer

• Wind Vane

Answer explanation

A hygrometer is the instrument specifically designed to measure humidity, or the amount of moisture in the air. In contrast, a barometer measures atmospheric pressure, an anemometer measures wind speed, and a wind vane indicates wind direction.

Which of the following best describes Absolute Humidity?

• The ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of moist air

• The actual amount of water vapor in the air

• The percentage of water vapor compared to the maximum possible at a given temperature

• The amount of water vapor that can exist at any temperature

Answer explanation

Absolute Humidity refers to the actual amount of water vapor present in the air, typically expressed in grams per cubic meter. This distinguishes it from other measures like relative humidity, which compares vapor to capacity.

Match the following environmental impacts with the type of pollution that causes them.

• Light Pollution

• It negatively affects the production of food and livestock.

• Soil Pollution

• It causes asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory illnesses.

• Noise Pollution

• It leads to skyglow.

• Air Pollution

• It causes sleep disturbances.

Answer explanation

Refer to your notes.

A city wants to reduce noise pollution. Which strategy would be most effective?

• Planting more trees and vegetation

• Reducing the use of artificial agrochemicals

• Limiting the use of loudspeakers and controlling traffic noise

• Installing more street lamps

Answer explanation

Limiting the use of loudspeakers and controlling traffic noise directly addresses sources of noise pollution, making it the most effective strategy for reducing noise in the city.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

Explain why hurricanes can only form over ocean waters near the equator.

• They need warm, moist air to create low pressure and form clouds.

• They cannot survive on land because it is too cold for them.

• Only the equator has thunderstorms.

• They need mountains to form.

Answer explanation

Hurricanes form over warm ocean waters, where the heat provides the necessary energy and moisture to create low pressure systems and clouds. This is why they are typically found near the equator.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Match the following hurricane-related terms with their correct descriptions.

• The calmest and clearest part of a hurricane.

• The Wall

• The area of intense winds and rain surrounding the center of a hurricane.

• The Eye

• The sudden rise of sea level caused by a hurricane's winds.

• The Surge

• The bands of clouds that rotate around the center of a hurricane.

• The Spiral

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Tornadoes typically form (a)   , while a hurricane is formed​ (b)   .

• on land

• in deserts

• in the ocean

Answer explanation

Tornadoes typically form on land due to severe thunderstorms, while hurricanes develop in the ocean, fueled by warm water and atmospheric conditions. This distinction highlights their different formation environments.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6