2025 Final Exam Review: U.S. History 8 - Vocab List 5

What is the Space Race?

• A competition between the United States and the Soviet Union to achieve significant accomplishments in space exploration.

• A race held on the moon between astronauts.

• A marathon event organized by NASA.

• A competition to build the fastest rocket car on Earth.

What is the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

• A 1955-1956 protest in Montgomery, Alabama, against racial segregation on public buses.

• A 1963 march in Washington, D.C., for civil rights.

• A 1970 protest against the Vietnam War in Ohio.

• A 1947 campaign to end school segregation in Little Rock, Arkansas.

What is NATO?

• A military alliance formed in 1949 between North American and European countries to provide collective security against the Soviet Union.

• An economic union established to promote free trade among Asian countries.

• A humanitarian organization focused on disaster relief in Africa.

• A scientific consortium dedicated to space exploration in South America.

What is the Marshall Plan?

• A U.S. program that provided aid to Western Europe after World War II to help rebuild economies and prevent the spread of communism.

• A Soviet plan to expand influence in Eastern Europe after World War II.

• A peace treaty signed between the U.S. and Germany after World War II.

• A military alliance formed between Western European countries and the U.S. after World War II.

Define Globalization.

• The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

• A local business strategy focused on domestic markets only.

• The restriction of trade and communication between countries.

• The process of reducing technology use in society.

Define: Arms Race.

• A competition between nations to build up military weapons and nuclear arsenals.

• A global agreement to reduce the number of weapons held by all countries.

• A peaceful exchange of technology between rival nations.

• A race to explore outer space between different countries.

Define: United Nations.

• An international organization founded in 1945 to promote world peace and cooperation.

• A global financial institution that provides loans to developing countries.

• A multinational corporation specializing in technology and innovation.

• A regional trade agreement between European countries.

Define: Civil Disobedience.

• The nonviolent refusal to obey certain laws as a form of protest.

• A violent uprising against the government.

• The act of following all laws without question.

• A legal process to change a law through the courts.

The Berlin Airlift was a response to which event?

• The construction of the Berlin Wall

• The Soviet blockade of West Berlin

• The Cuban Missile Crisis

• The fall of the Soviet Union

Define: Korean War.

• A conflict from 1950 to 1953 between North Korea (with support from China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with support from the United States and other UN members).

• A civil war in China between the Nationalists and Communists.

• A conflict between the United States and Vietnam from 1955 to 1975.

• A war fought between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan in the 1980s.