Geography and Early American History Worksheet

What is the difference between absolute location and relative location?

• Absolute location is always changing, while relative location is fixed.

• Absolute location is described using landmarks, while relative location uses coordinates.

• Absolute location is only used in cities, while relative location is used in rural areas.

• Absolute location is the exact position of a place on Earth, usually given in latitude and longitude. Relative location describes a place in relation to other places.

What are the major oceans of the world?

• Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Southern Ocean

• Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea

• Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Caspian Sea, Baltic Sea, Caribbean Sea

• Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Dead Sea, Red Sea, Arabian Sea

What are the 7 continents?

• North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Greenland

• North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica

• North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Greenland, Antarctica

• North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, India

What is the Bering Land Bridge theory?

• This theory says that early humans migrated from Africa to Europe by crossing the Mediterranean Sea.

• This theory says that early humans migrated from South America to North America by building boats.

• This theory says that early humans migrated from Asia to North America across a land bridge during the Ice Age when sea levels were lower.

• This theory says that early humans migrated from Australia to Asia by walking across a desert.

What were the early three Native American civilizations? How were they similar? How were they different?

• Cherokee, Sioux, Apache. Similarities: Nomadic, lived in teepees, relied on buffalo. Differences: Cherokee - Lived in the Southeast, developed a written language. Sioux - Lived in the Great Plains, known for horse culture. Apache - Lived in the Southwest, known for raiding and hunting.

• Olmec, Toltec, Zapotec. Similarities: Early Mesoamerican cultures, built ceremonial centers. Differences: Olmec - Known for colossal heads. Toltec - Known for warrior culture. Zapotec - Developed early writing and calendar systems.

• Maya, Aztec, Inca. Similarities: Polytheistic, had kings, all had large cities, advanced farming techniques, and strong governments. Differences: Maya - Known for writing, math, and pyramids in Central America. Aztec - Built a powerful empire in Mexico; had a large capital (Tenochtitlán). Inca - Located in South America (Andes Mountains); known for roads and stone buildings.

• Iroquois, Seminole, Navajo. Similarities: Lived in North America, formed confederacies, practiced agriculture. Differences: Iroquois - Lived in the Northeast, built longhouses. Seminole - Lived in Florida, known for resistance to removal. Navajo - Lived in the Southwest, known for weaving and sheep herding.

How did Native Americans’ environment influence their culture? Give specific examples.

• Native groups adapted to their surroundings: Plains tribes hunted buffalo and lived in teepees for easy movement. Southwest tribes used adobe bricks and dry farming due to the desert. Eastern Woodland tribes built longhouses and farmed using the forested land.

• Native Americans ignored their environment and all lived in the same type of houses regardless of location.

• Native Americans only relied on fishing, no matter where they lived.

• Native Americans moved to cities and abandoned traditional practices.

What is the Old World?

• Europe, Asia, and Africa (the parts of the world known before the discovery of the Americas).

• North and South America (the continents discovered after the Old World).

• Australia and Antarctica only.

• The modern countries of Europe and North America.

What is the New World?

• Europe.

• Asia.

• North and South America.

• Africa.

What was Christopher Columbus’ original mission?

• To find a faster sea route to Asia by sailing west from Europe.

• To conquer the Aztec Empire.

• To discover the continent of Australia.

• To prove the Earth was flat.

Which of the following is an argument that Christopher Columbus was a hero?

• He discovered new lands and opened up trade routes.

• He abolished slavery in the Americas.

• He was the first to circumnavigate the globe.

• He promoted peace among indigenous peoples.