Global Regents Review

What were the major ideas of the Enlightenment according to John Locke?

• People had natural rights (life, liberty, property)

• Consent of the governed

• Government and citizens should sign a social contract

• People could elect and overthrow leaders

• All of the above

According to John Locke, what are 'natural rights'?

• Life, liberty (freedom), and property

• Wealth, power, and fame

• Obedience, loyalty, and service

• Happiness, health, and education

• Justice, equality, and fraternity

What does 'consent of the governed' mean in the context of Enlightenment ideas?

• People had the right to say 'yes we want this' to government decisions.

• The government could rule without any input from the people.

• Only kings and queens could make decisions for everyone.

• Laws were made by religious leaders only.

Who believed in the separation of powers to prevent tyranny and corruption?

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Voltaire

What is the purpose of 'checks and balances' in government according to Montesquieu?

• To prevent tyranny and corruption by acting as a check on power.

• To increase the power of the executive branch.

• To eliminate the need for laws and regulations.

• To ensure that one branch controls all others.

What did the Enlightenment challenge in terms of political systems?

• Democracy

• Absolutism

• Monarchy

• Federalism

The Enlightenment challenged traditional ideas in a way similar to which other historical movement?

• The Scientific Revolution

• The Industrial Revolution

• The Renaissance

• The Age of Exploration

Refer to the diagram: Which branch of the United States government interprets the laws?

• Legislative Branch

• Executive Branch

• Judicial Branch

What was one of the main reasons the Third Estate was unhappy before the French Revolution?

• They had to pay all the taxes while the 1st and 2nd Estates had more land and money.

• They were allowed to vote more than the other Estates.

• They had more political power than the king.

• They were exempt from military service.

Which group had no representation in government before the French Revolution?

• The Third Estate

• The First Estate

• The Second Estate

• The Nobility