Organic Chemistry - Carbon and Hydrocarbons

What is a hydrocarbon?

• A family of organic chemicals that contain only hydrogen and carbon.

• A compound containing only oxygen and nitrogen.

• A mixture of metals and non-metals.

• A substance made only of water and salt.

Which of the following are examples of fuels that are hydrocarbons?

• Methane

• Propane

• Butane

• Octane

• Gasoline

What is the definition of aliphatic hydrocarbons?

• Straight or branched chains of carbon and hydrogen.

• Rings of carbon atoms only.

• Compounds containing only aromatic rings.

• Hydrocarbons with at least one triple bond.

What is the definition of aromatic hydrocarbons?

• Ringed structures of carbon and hydrogen.

• Linear chains of carbon and hydrogen.

• Compounds containing only oxygen and hydrogen.

• Branched structures of carbon and hydrogen.

Which of the following is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon?

• Propane

• Benzene

• Cyclohexane

Aromatic hydrocarbons have ringed structures of carbon and hydrogen.

• True

• False

Label the following diagram as either aliphatic (straight/branched) or aromatic.

• The left and middle structures are aliphatic (straight and branched), and the right structure is aromatic.

• All three structures are aromatic.

• All three structures are aliphatic (straight or branched).

• The left structure is aromatic, and the middle and right structures are aliphatic (straight and branched).

What is the number of valence electrons in a carbon atom?

• 4

• 2

• 6

• 8

How many covalent bonds does a carbon atom typically form?

• 4

• 2

• 3

• 5

Which of the following is NOT an allotrope of carbon?

• Diamond

• Graphite

• Buckminsterfullerene

• Sodium chloride