6/11 Quiz

What is the correct order of airflow through the respiratory tract during inhalation, starting from the nose?

• Trachea → Pharynx → Larynx → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

• Nose → Larynx → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchioles → Bronchi → Alveoli

• Nose → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

• Nose → Trachea → Bronchi → Larynx → Pharynx → Alveoli

Which of the following is a characteristic of the airway walls?

• Composed entirely of skeletal muscle

• Lined with avascular connective tissue

• Completely rigid to prevent collapse

• Highly vascularized to warm and humidify incoming air

Which of the following channels or transporters pulls chloride ions (Cl⁻) into airway epithelial cells from the basolateral side?

• NKCC

• CFTR

• ENaC

• Aquaporin

Which of the following best explains why mucus becomes thick in individuals with cystic fibrosis?

• Too much bicarbonate is secreted into the airway

• Excessive ATP is used by CFTR, drying out the mucus

• Decreased chloride and water secretion onto the apical surface

• Increased water absorption through the basolateral membrane

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the main function of the pleural cavity?

• To store excess air in case of lung collapse

• To allow frictionless movement of the lungs during breathing

• To generate pressure to force air out of the lungs

• To produce surfactant for alveolar expansion

Which statement about the pressure in the pleural space is true?

• It is equal to atmospheric pressure

• It is always positive to keep the lungs inflated

• It fluctuates but does not affect lung function

• It is negative relative to atmospheric pressure to help keep the lungs expanded

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the primary difference between the external and internal intercostal muscles in breathing?

• External intercostals are only active during forced exhalation, while internal intercostals assist in normal inhalation

• External intercostals aid in inhalation by elevating the ribs, while internal intercostals aid in forced exhalation by depressing the ribs

• Internal intercostals expand the chest cavity, while external intercostals constrict it

• Both external and internal intercostals contract during inhalation to increase lung volume

How does Boyle’s Law explain the process of lung ventilation?

• As lung temperature increases, pressure increases, causing inhalation

• As lung volume increases, pressure increases, forcing air out

• As lung volume increases, pressure decreases, allowing air to flow in

• As pressure in the lungs increases, volume also increases, promoting inhalation

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

How does Henry’s Law relate to gas exchange during lung ventilation?

• The amount of gas that dissolves in blood is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in the alveoli

• Gas volume increases as pressure increases, helping oxygen enter the blood

• The rate of gas diffusion depends only on temperature, not pressure differences

• Gas molecules always move from blood to alveoli regardless of partial pressures

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

What does inspiratory capacity (IC) represent in lung volumes?

• The total amount of air in the lungs after a maximal exhalation

• The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation

• The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal exhalation

• The volume of air exhaled during a normal breath