Regents Exam Review August 2014

A function of cell membranes in humans is the

• synthesis of the amino acids

• production of energy

• replication of genetic material

• recognition of certain chemicals

Forests, mountains, rivers, and marshes are examples of the wide variety of ecosystems in New York State. The diversity of these ecosystems is most likely the result of

• the variety of abiotic conditions in these regions

• interactions between producers and decomposers

• increased efforts to protect endangered species

• a lack of competition between the heterotrophs living there

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The diagram below represents two organisms. Organism A: single-celled Organism B: multicellular Which statement concerning organism A and organism B is correct?

• Organism A contains organs, whereas organism B lacks organs.

• Organism A and organism B have the same organ systems.

• Organism A and organism B both have structures that perform life processes.

• Organism A lacks structures that help maintain dynamic equilibrium.

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Which statement best describes the organelles in a cell?

• All organelles are involved directly with communication between cells.

• Organelles must work together and their activities must be coordinated.

• Organelles function only when there is a disruption in homeostasis.

• Each organelle must function independently of the others in order to maintain homeostasis.

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A substance directly involved in cellular communication within the human body is

• an antibody

• an antibiotic

• a hormone

• a starch

The list below includes three organ systems that are directly used when a human runs. Which system should also be included in the list?

• immune system

• reproductive system

• digestive system

• nervous system

In a pine forest, there are different species of birds known as warblers that are able to coexist on the same pine trees. The Cape May warblers feed on insects located on the tips of the highest pine branches. The yellow-rumped warblers feed on insects on lower branches of the same trees. The different feeding locations for these two species of warblers indicate that they have different

• niches

• ecosystems

• methods of asexual reproduction

• methods of selective breeding

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The diagram below represents the locations of two mutations in a strand of a DNA molecule. If this DNA is located in the nucleus of a skin cell, the cell will

• pass the mutations on to only half the cells that develop from it

• delete all of the DNA in the nucleus and synthesize new DNA

• correct the mutations after several generations

• pass the mutations on to the cells that develop from it

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A human skin cell contains 46 chromosomes. A frog sperm cell contains 12 chromosomes. Which pair of numbers shows the chromosome number of a normal gamete from each of these species?

• human 46; frog 12

• human 46; frog 24

• human 23; frog 24

• human 23; frog 12

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According to the theory of biological evolution, most present-day species of organisms

• developed from similar, smaller prehistoric organisms

• have always existed in the form they have today

• developed from fossils of the other organisms

• descended from earlier, different species of organisms

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