Quiz about SCIENCE Q1

Question 1

What makes up the lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

crust and upper mantle

Answer

continental crust

Answer

oceanic and continental crust

Answer

upper mantle

Question 2

Which refers to the smaller sections of Earth's lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

plate

Answer

asthenosphere

Answer

crust

Answer

mantle

Question 3

Which is NOT a primary tectonic plate?

Accepted Answer

Arabian plate

Answer

African plate

Answer

Eurasian Plate

Answer

Indo-Australian plate

Question 4

SAMPLE A

It has a density of 3.0 g/cm3 and is primarily composed of basaltic rocks

SAMPLE B

It has a density of 2.7 g/cm3 and is primarily composed of granite rocks

Accepted Answer

sample A is oceanic crust and sample B is continental crust

Answer

both sample A and sample B are oceanic crust

Answer

both sample A and sample B are continental crust

Answer

sample A is continental crust and sample B is oceanic crust

Question 5

Plate A and B are classified as primary plate while plate C and D are classified as secondary plate. Which of the following are TRUE about these plates

Accepted Answer

plate A and B are larger plates while plate C and B

Answer

plate A and B are smaller plates while plate C and D are larger plates

Answer

plate A and B are denser plates while plate C and D are less dense plates

Answer

plate A and B are less dense plates while plate C and D are denser plates

Question 6

Which statement CORRECTLY describes a primary wave?

Accepted Answer

it is faster than a secondary wave

Answer

it moves slower than a secondary wave

Answer

it cannot travel through solids

Answer

it causes the most damage during an earthquake

Question 7

What is needed to determine the distance of the epicenter to a seismic recording station

Accepted Answer

the arrival time difference between the P-wave and S-wave

Answer

arrival time of surface wave

Answer

speed of the surface wave

Answer

the depth of the earthquake focus

Question 8

You were asked to locate the epicenter of a recent earthquake. Which sequence of events should you follow?

I. Determine the difference in the arrival time of P- and S-waves recorded from each of the seismic recording stations

II. Use the triangulation method to locate the epicenter

III. Obtain data from the three different seismograph stations

IV. Determine the distance of the epicenter from the station

Accepted Answer

III, I, IV, II

Answer

I, III, II, IV

Answer

III, IV, I, II

Answer

III, IV, I, II

Question 9

On Earth's surface, how are active volcanoes distributed?

Accepted Answer

not randomly, scattered near plate boundaries

Answer

randomly scattered all over the continents and oceans

Answer

evenly distributed across the entire surface of the Earth

Answer

found only on land and never under the ocean

Question 10

Which NOT used by scientists as a basis for dividing the lithosphere into several plates

Accepted Answer

political boundaries

Answer

mountain formation

Answer

seismic activity

Answer

volcanoes

Question 11

Crustal plate A is moving away from crustal plate B. What is the expected average rate of change in position between A and B?

Accepted Answer

a few centimeters per year

Answer

a few meters per year

Answer

a few kilometers per year

Answer

no measurable movement

Question 12

Geologic phenomena occur because the entire lithosphere is broken into numerous segments called plates that move slowly and continuously and interact with each other. What does this statement refer to?

Accepted Answer

plate tectonics theory

Answer

seafloor spreading theory

Answer

continental drift theory

Answer

continental shift theory

Question 13

Why do continental crust will always be on top of oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

continental crust is less dense compared to oceanic crust

Answer

continental crust is younger than oceanic crust

Answer

oceanic crust is thicker and lighter than continental crust

Answer

continental crust moves faster than oceanic crust

Question 14

The Himalayas Mountain range was formed due to the interaction between the Eurasian plate and Indian plate. What type of boundary depicts the movement of Eurasian plate relative to Indian plate?

Accepted Answer

destructive boundary

Answer

constructive boundary

Answer

conservative boundary

Answer

collision

Question 15

What type of stress is experienced by rocks at convergent boundaries?

Accepted Answer

compression

Answer

shear

Answer

tension

Answer

elastic

Question 16

When a continental plate and an oceanic plate collide, the oceanic plate dives down under the continental plate. Which statement BEST explains the observation

Accepted Answer

the oceanic plate is denser than the continental plate

Answer

the continental plate exerts pressure on the oceanic plate

Answer

the weight of the continental plate pushes down the oceanic plate

Answer

the top portion of the oceanic plate is wet so it tends to slow down the continental plate

Question 17

Which might happen when two oceanic plates collide?

Accepted Answer

the older oceanic plate will subduct below the younger oceanic plate

Answer

the younger oceanic plate will subduct below the older oceanic plate

Answer

no subduction will happen because the interacting plates are both oceanic

Answer

both plates will interact to any nearby continental plate for subduction process to take place

Question 18

The Alps and Himalayas are formed because of the collision of which two types of plates?

Accepted Answer

continental plate and continental plate

Answer

oceanic plate and oceanic plate

Answer

oceanic plate and continental plate

Answer

continental plate and mantle plate

Question 19

Which is TRUE about the magnetic pattern of ocean floor rocks on one side of an ocean ridge?

Accepted Answer

it is the same age as the ocean floor on the other side

Answer

it is younger than the ocean floor on the other side

Answer

it is at right angles to the ocean ridge

Answer

it is older than the rocks at the ridge

Question 20

If you are a cartographer, what will give you an idea that the continents were once joined together?

Accepted Answer

the shape of the continents

Answer

ocean depth

Answer

the height of mountain ranges

Answer

color

Question 21

The continental drift theory was validated through the studies of what?

Accepted Answer

rocks and fossils found across the oceans on different continents

Answer

ocean currents and wind patterns

Answer

earthquake distribution along plate boundaries

Answer

variations in ocean depth

Question 22

The theory of continental drift was initially rejected as its proponent could not explain the mechanism of why the continents moved. By the 1950s, it was found that the continents moved because of which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

seafloor movement

Answer

gravitational pull of the moon

Answer

shifting of ocean currents

Answer

changes in atmospheric pressure

Question 23

Which statement BEST describes ridge push?

Accepted Answer

the weight of the ridge pushes the adjacent plates to move towards the subduction zones

Answer

gravity pulls the oceanic plates downward, causing them to sink into the mantle

Answer

hot magma rises from the mantle and directly forces the plates apart

Answer

plates are pulled apart because of the rotation of the Earth

Question 24

At the subduction zone, what force pulls the crust to move further towards the mantle

Accepted Answer

slab pull

Answer

magnetic Force

Answer

volcanic force

Answer

ridge push

Question 25

The lithosphere plates are believed to be slowly moving. What is the driving force that facilitates the movement?

Accepted Answer

convection current in the mantle

Answer

magnetic force at the poles

Answer

gravitational force of the moon

Question 26

Which does not support the seafloor spreading theory?

Accepted Answer

earthquake frequency data

Answer

magnetic reversal strips

Answer

increasing thickness of sediments away from the ridge

Answer

varying age of rocks relative to its location from the mid ocean ridge

Question 27

Which of the following can you infer from the continuous movement of the lithospheric plates over the asthenosphere?

Accepted Answer

the continents will not be in the same places as they are now

Answer

all the continents will cease to exist

Answer

all the volcanoes in the Philippines will be inactive

Answer

earthquakes will stop occurring

Question 28

Consider the interaction between Plate A and Plate C. Which BEST describes the process that occur along their boundaries?

Accepted Answer

the crust of both plates is neither created nor destroyed but can generate shallow earthquakes

Answer

the plates move apart, forming a mid-ocean ridge

Answer

the crust of both plates is destroyed, forming deep trenches

Answer

the crust of one plate is destroyed while the other is created

Question 29

Consider the interaction between Plate D and Plate F. Which statement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

mountain ranges are formed at this boundary

Answer

plate D will subduct under Plate C

Answer

plate C will subduct under Plate D

Answer

volcanoes are formed at Plate D and Plate C boundary

Question 30

Consider the interaction between Plate B and plate C. If volcanic arc was formed on top of plate B, which statement must be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

plate B is less dense than plate C

Answer

plate B is denser than plate C

Answer

plate B is lighter than plate C

Answer

plate B is heavier than plate C

Question 31

Which pair of plates might produce a mid-ocean ridge?

Accepted Answer

plate C and D

Answer

plate D and F

Answer

plate B and C

Answer

plate E and F

Question 32

Which is formed due to the plates that slide past each other?

Accepted Answer

transform fault

Answer

mid-ocean ridge

Answer

deep-sea trench

Answer

volcano

Question 33

Which lines of evidence were presented to support the Continental Drift Theory

I. Edges of continents and Rock formation

II. Distribution of fossils of plants and animals

III. Glacial and Coal deposits

IV. II and III. only

Accepted Answer

I, II, and III

Answer

IV only

Answer

I and II

Answer

none of the above

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT one of the main principles of plate tectonics theory? Plate movements causes

Accepted Answer

earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains

Answer

continents to drift

Answer

seafloor to separate

Answer

mantle convection

Question 35

How does ridge push contribute to the movement of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

By pushing the oceanic crust away from the mid ocean ridges

Answer

By pulling the oceanic crust towards the asthenosphere

Answer

By causing earthquakes along subduction zones

Answer

By affecting the formation of fold mountains

Question 36

What is the importance of determining the epicenter of an earthquake?

Accepted Answer

It plays a vital role in laying the foundations of plate tectonics.

Answer

It helps in determining the time difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave.

Answer

It helps seismologists in determining the distances of the seismic stations.

Answer

It plays a vital role in conceptualizing crustal movements.

Question 37

How does the age of the oceanic crust vary along the mid-ocean ridges?

Accepted Answer

It is younger at the central axis and older towards the flanks

Answer

It is consistently old across the entire ridge

Answer

It is consistently young across the entire ridge

Answer

lt is older at the central axis and younger towards the flanks

Question 38

A chain of volcanic islands is observed in the middle of the ocean. What does this most likely indicate about the plate boundary?

Accepted Answer

A convergent boundary between two oceanic plates

Answer

A passive boundary with no movement

Answer

A transform boundary with high friction

Answer

A divergent boundary between two continental plates

Question 39

Which of the following best describes the stress and plate motion at a transform boundary?

Accepted Answer

Shearing; plates slide past each other

Answer

Folding; plates sink beneath one another

Answer

Compression; plates collide

Answer

Tension; plates move apart

Question 40

What effect does the slab pull mechanism of tectonic plates at subduction zones?

Accepted Answer

It Pulls the plates into the mantle

Answer

It creates tension, leading to the formation of rift valleys

Answer

It results in the lateral sliding of plates

Answer

It causes the plates to move towards each other

Question 41

Which statement best describes the relationship between mantle convection and the motion of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

Mantle convection is the primary mechanism driving the movement of tectonic plate

Answer

Mantle convection is unrelated to the movement of tectonic plates

Answer

Mantle convection only influences the formation of transform boundaries

Answer

Mantle convection causes the Earth's magnetic poles to reverse

Question 42

How do convection currents in the mantle contribute to the phenomenon of subduction at convergent boundaries?

Accepted Answer

They drive the downward movement of the denser oceanic crust

Answer

They result in the creation of divergent boundaries

Answer

They generate heat that leads to volcanic eruptions

Answer

They cause the tectonic plates to pull away from each other

Question 43

Imagine you are a scientist tasked with designing an educational model to demonstrate the concept of convection in the mantle driving plate movement. Which of the following materials or mechanisms would best represent this process to effectively illustrate the concept to students?

Accepted Answer

A hands-on activity using magnetic iron filings and a heat source

Answer

A tabletop simulation of a volcanic eruption

Answer

A model showing the collision of two cardboard plates on a frictionless surface

Answer

A simple water cycle demonstration

Question 44

Which of the following statements below describe BEST the plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

Edges of two tectonics plates that meet known as fault line.

Answer

Edges of-three tectonics plates that have no contact with one another.

Answer

Side of the tectonics plate that has no contact with another plate.

Answer

Sides of two tectonics plate that are away from each other.

Question 45

You are part of a discussion evaluating how important the idea of Continental Drift (continents moving) is for understanding the history of our planet. Some people say that there isn't enough proof connecting where animals and plants lived in the past to how the continents moved. Which of these challenge ideas would help us think more about whether the Continental Drift idea is correct?

Accepted Answer

The problem of not having enough real proof connecting where living things were with how the continents moved

Answer

The question of whether the idea of moving continents can explain how deep-sea trenches and mid-ocean ridges formed

Answer

The idea that continents are where they are now only because of slow weather processes, not because of moving plates

Answer

The idea that continents only move because of volcanoes and hot spots, not because of tectonic plates

Question 46

What role does the Earth's mantle play in the process of seafloor spreading?

Accepted Answer

It creates convection currents that drive seafloor spreading

Answer

It remains static and does not influence the tectonic processes

Answer

It exerts force on the overlying tectonic plates through slab pull

Answer

It absorbs the heat generated by the spreading crust

Question 47

How do convection currents in the mantle contribute to the Earth's overall heat distribution and energy cycle?

Accepted Answer

By transferring heat from the core to the lithosphere

Answer

By creating thermal anomalies on the Earth's surface

Answer

By causing the Earth's magnetic poles to fluctuate over time

Answer

By generating tidal forces that influence the Earth's rotation

Question 48

Applying the understanding of plate boundaries and their impact P on the Earth's surface, consider a scenario where a new divergent plate boundary forms in an ocean. Which of the following geological phenomena is most likely to occur as a result of this tectonic activity?

Accepted Answer

Creation of mid-ocean ridges

Answer

Development of deep ocean trenches

Answer

Erosion and sedimentation along coastal areas

Answer

Formation of volcanic island arcs

Question 49

You are leading a geological expedition to explore the unique A geological formations and associated processes at a transform plate boundary. Create a proposal outlining the key research objectives, methodologies, and potential discoveries that your team aims to achieve during the expedition.

Accepted Answer

Conducting a detailed geophysical survey using state-of-the-art equipment to map fault characteristics and associated seismic activity at the transform plate boundary.

Answer

Utilizing ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to study the subsurface fault architecture and sedimentary deposits surrounding the transform plate boundary.

Answer

Deploying autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) equipped with sonar and mapping capabilities to investigate the tectonic features and geological structures along the transform plate boundary.

Answer

Implementing advanced drone technology for aerial imaging and 3D mapping of the fault lines and landscape features near the transform plate boundary.

Question 50

As an environmental consultant, you have been tasked with D developing a sustainable land use and disaster preparedness plan for a coastal region located near a convergent plate boundary. Create an integrated proposal outlining the zoning regulations, infrastructure development, and community engagement strategies aimed at mitigating geological hazards and preserving the ecological integrity of the area.

Accepted Answer

Developing sustainable infrastructure solutions, such as tsunami- resistant coastal barriers and green infrastructure projects, to enhance the region's resilience to geological events at the convergent plate boundary.

Answer

Establishing a network of community emergency response teams trained in geological hazard assessment, evacuation protocols, and post- disaster recovery efforts tailored to the risks posed by the convergent plate boundary.

Answer

Designing and implementing an early warning system for tsunamis and landslides, incorporating indigenous knowledge and scientific monitoring techniques specific to coastal hazards near convergent plate boundaries.

Answer

Formulating land use policies that prioritize the protection of natural coastal buffers and wetlands to mitigate the impacts of potential tsunamis and subduction-related hazards.

Question 51

A new research discovery revealed that the rate of seafloor spreading at a specific mid-ocean ridge increased significantly, which of the following geological consequences would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

Formation of wider and shallower ocean basins

Answer

Development of more pronounced deep-sea trenches

Answer

Intensification of volcanic activity along adjacent continental margins

Answer

Shift in the direction of tectonic plate movement at the ridge

Question 52

As part of your geoscience project, you are assigned to design a simple, yet effective, demonstration to illustrate the concept of convection in the mantle. Which of the following materials and procedures would you consider incorporating into your demonstration to enable your peers to understand the principles of mantle convection and its impact on tectonic activity?

Accepted Answer

Dropping differently colored food coloring into a container of hot and cold water to represent the movement of mantle materials

Answer

Developing an interactive simulation on a tablet device that allows users to adjust temperature differentials to observe convection patterns in the virtual mantle

Answer

Constructing a miniature physical model of the Earth's interior, emphasizing the role of convection currents in driving plate movements

Answer

Using a heat lamp and temperature sensors to demonstrate the formation of convection cells in a transparent fluid-filled chamber

Question 53

Your task is to design a visual representation, such as a diorama or 3D model, to illustrate the process of seafloor spreading and its impact on the formation of new oceanic crust. Consider the materials and components you would include in your model to effectively convey this geological process. Which of the following elements would be essential for accurately depicting seafloor spreading in your model?

Accepted Answer

Visual representation of the movement of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface using box, clay, colored papers, varied textures and colors

Answer

Representations of the different rock types formed during the process of seafloor spreading, such as basalt and gabbro

Answer

Inclusion of fossil evidence found in oceanic crust to support the theory of plate tectonics

Answer

A representation of convergent plate boundaries and associated subduction zone

Question 54

In 1912, Alfred Wegener proposed a theory that the Earth is once a single landmass. What is the name of the Mesozoic supercontinent that consists of all the present continents?

Accepted Answer

Pangaea

Answer

Gondwanaland

Answer

Laurasia

Answer

Eurasia

Question 55

What term is used to describe plates that move away from each other?

Accepted Answer

constructive

Answer

destructive

Answer

demonstrative

Answer

conservative

Question 56

What type of stress is experienced by rocks at conservative boundaries?

Accepted Answer

Shear

Answer

Compression

Answer

Confining

Answer

Tension

Question 57

Which of the following type of plate boundaries is characterized by two plates slide or grind with each other by moving in different direction

Accepted Answer

Conservative

Answer

Reverse

Answer

Divergent

Answer

Convergent

Question 58

Which of the following is associated with divergent plate boundary?

Accepted Answer

Mid-Ocean Ridge

Answer

Island arc

Answer

Deep-focus earthquake

Answer

Deep-sea trench

Question 59

A large belt of mountain ranges and volcanoes surround the Pacific Ocean. Which events are most closely related to these mountains and volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Tornadoes

Answer

Hurricanes

Answer

Sandstorms

Question 60

Which geological process is responsible for the creation of new oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

Ridge push

Answer

Convection

Answer

Slab pull

Answer

Subduction

Question 61

What is the longest chain of underwater mountains in the world?

Accepted Answer

Mid-Ocean Ridge

Answer

Mountains

Answer

Volcanoes

Answer

Island arc

Question 62

Consider the interaction between Plate D and Plate F. Which statement is NOT TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Volcanic islands will be formed on top of Plate D

Answer

Volcanic mountains will be formed on top of Plate

Answer

Plate D will subduct beneath Plate F

Answer

Trench is formed on Plate D

Question 63

Which of the following diagrams best illustrates the convection occurring in the mantle?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 64

How does ridge push contribute to the movement of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

By pushing the oceanic crust away from the mid-ocean ridges

Answer

By causing earthquakes along subduction zones

Answer

By pulling the oceanic crust towards the asthenosphere

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