EOC Domain 2: Genetics

​EOC Domain 2: Genetics

By Derek Hathaway

Multiple Choice

What are the smaller units that make up DNA?

• Nucleotides
• Amino acids
• Proteins
• Lipids

Multiple Choice

What needs to happen for DNA to be replicated?

• Several enzymes work together to separate the DNA and add complementary bases to each strand

• A cell sends a molecule into a different cell, where this molecule can bind to the DNA and create an exact copy

• The DNA separates itself unaided and uses nearby nitrogen bases and binds them to itself

• A bacteria invades the cell and causes it to duplicate all of its DNA as an immune response

Multiple Choice

What do we call a segment of DNA that codes for one protein?

• protein strand
• gene
• nucleotide
• chromosome

Multiple Choice

What molecule carries a copy of a gene from the nucleus to the ribosome?

• ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
• transfer RNA (tRNA)
• messenger RNA (mRNA)
• deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Multiple Choice

What structure reads mRNA and builds a protein?

• Nucleus
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Golgi apparatus
• Ribosome

Multiple Choice

What is the correct sequence of protein synthesis?

A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome

B. DNA molecules serve as the templates for mRNA.

C. mRNA molecules move to ribosomes.

D. Polypeptides are formed on ribosomes.

• A-B-C-D

• B-C-A-D

• C-B-A-D

• D-B-A-C

Multiple Choice

We are made of trillions of cells, including muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells, and more. How do we have all of these different kinds of cells?

• Different cells in a multicellular organism all have the same DNA, but cells can express different proteins

• Different cells in a multicellular organism all have different DNA

• DNA becomes mutated depending on the cell type that it is found in

• Cells can fuse to become different kinds of cells. Cells that fuse more become more complex

Multiple Choice

What do we call a change in the DNA sequence?

• mutation
• chromosomal rearrangement
• phenotypic variation
• genetic drift

Multiple Choice

Which type of cell division produces gametes (sperm/egg)?

• Meiosis
• Budding
• Binary fission
• Mitosis

Multiple Choice

What occurs during meiosis that leads to diversity of the 4 daughter cells?

• Crossing over and independent assortment lead to genetic diversity in the daughter cells.
• Only random mutations contribute to genetic differences.
• Meiosis produces identical daughter cells without variation.

• Chromosomal duplication occurs without any genetic exchange.

Multiple Choice

What do we call the different versions of a gene that a person can inherit?

• Genotypes
• Alleles
• Genes
• Chromosomes

Multiple Choice

What type of inheritance occurs when neither allele is dominant, resulting in a blended phenotype?

• Polygenic inheritance
• Codominance
• Incomplete dominance
• Epistasis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction

• Identical offspring may result in extinction in an unstable environment

• Combining of genetic material during reproduction may lead to harmful mutations

• The amount of energy needed to reproduce is low

• Two parents are required, and mates aren't always available

Multiple Choice

Rice does not provide enough of certain vitamins. How could biotechnology be used to change this?

• Using a high nitrogen fertilzer.

• Using herbicide to get rid of weeds.

• Genetic modification of rice plants that are pest resistant and to produce vitamins

• Using pesticide to get rid of pests that can harm the crop.