Ch 26: Bacteria and Archaea

Select two things that Domains Bacteria & Archaea have in common.

• Both are prokaryotic and lack a nucleus.

• Both have membrane-bound organelles.

• Both are multicellular organisms.

• Both reproduce sexually.

Of what is the cell wall of bacteria made?

• The cell wall of bacteria is made of unique peptidoglycan.

• The cell wall of bacteria is made of cellulose.

• The cell wall of bacteria is made of chitin.

• The cell wall of bacteria is made of lignin.

The phospholipids of bacteria and archaeans differ in their structure. Which group has phospholipids most similar to those of eukaryotes?

• Bacteria

• Archaeans

• Both bacteria and archaeans

• Neither bacteria nor archaeans

Domain Archaea is more similar in these characteristics to which group?

• Bacteria

• Eukaryotes

• Viruses

• Fungi

Earth is 4.6 by old. Prokaryotes, the first living things, appeared about how many years ago, and for how long were they the only living things?

• Prokaryotes appeared about 3.5 billion years ago and were the only living things for about 2 billion years.

• Prokaryotes appeared about 1 billion years ago and were the only living things for about 500 million years.

• Prokaryotes appeared about 4.5 billion years ago and were the only living things for about 1 billion years.

• Prokaryotes appeared about 2 billion years ago and were the only living things for about 3 billion years.

Ubiquitous means present everywhere. Which of the following is an example of a habitat occupied by prokaryotes where eukaryotes cannot survive?

• Hot springs with extremely high temperatures

• Temperate forests

• Freshwater lakes

• Grasslands

The term that refers to prokaryotes living in habitats with high heat, hypertonic conditions, high pressure, or low pH is:

• Halophiles

• Thermophiles

• Extremophiles

• Mesophiles

Taq polymerase was isolated from an extremophile. What is it used for?

• It is used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify DNA.

• It is used to break down proteins in cells.

• It is used to synthesize lipids in bacteria.

• It is used to transport oxygen in blood.

Other reasons to study extremophiles include:

• Understanding potential for life on other planets

• Learning about common plant diseases

• Improving urban infrastructure

• Studying human social behavior

The term that refers to an organism that causes disease is:

• Pathogen

• Enzyme

• Antibody

• Vaccine