Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity (LAST) in Children Quiz

Which systems are affected by LAST in children, and in what order?

• Cardiovascular system first, then CNS

• CNS first, then to a lesser extent, the cardiovascular system

• Respiratory system only

• Digestive system only

Which of the following is recommended to obtain a child's accurate body weight when preventing LAST?

• Use a standard scale

• Estimate based on age

• Ask the parent for an approximate weight

• Use the average weight for the child's height

According to the guidelines for preventing LAST, what should clinicians never exceed?

• MRDs for weight or age

• Recommended daily allowance (RDA)

• Average body temperature

• Standard deviation for height

Which anesthetic is useful for shorter procedures in children and does not contain a vasoconstrictor?

• Prilocaine 4% (with or without epi)

• Mepivacaine 3% plain

• Bupivacaine 0.5% with epi

• Articaine 4% with 1:100,000 epinephrine

What is a significant risk associated with the use of Prilocaine 4% in infants or at high doses?

• Soft tissue injury

• Methemoglobinemia

• Allergic reaction

• Prolonged numbness

A dentist is considering using a long-acting local anesthetic for a pediatric patient. Based on best practices, what should the dentist do and why?

• Avoid using it because it increases the risk of soft tissue injury

• Use it because it provides longer pain relief

• Use it only for adults

• Avoid it because it is less effective in children

On the day of a self-inflicted soft tissue injury, what is the recommended immediate management step?

• Apply an ice pack to the area

• Apply a warm pack to the area

• Apply lubricant to the area

• Administer antibiotics immediately

Which guideline should be followed for maximum recommended doses (MRD) in pediatric dentistry?

• World Health Organization (WHO) MRD

• American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) MRD

• American Dental Association (ADA) MRD

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) MRD

What is the main similarity between 3% mepivacaine plain and 2% lidocaine in terms of soft tissue anesthesia?

• 3% mepivacaine plain lasts much longer than 2% lidocaine

• There is very little difference in soft tissue duration between the two

• 2% lidocaine is significantly more effective than 3% mepivacaine plain

• 3% mepivacaine plain is not used for soft tissue anesthesia

Which agent is effective for reversing soft tissue anesthesia when a local anesthetic with a vasoconstrictor is used?

• Lidocaine

• Mepivacaine

• Phentolamine mesylate

• Epinephrine