ENFOQUES

Reflective thinking involves questioning the teacher’s own actions, experiences, or attitudes.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

This statement is true. The quote defines reflective thinking as a process in which teachers thoughtfully examine their own professional practice.

Action research does not require the teacher to reflect before, during, or after the event.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

False. The text clearly states that reflection is an essential component of action research and can happen at any stage of the process.

According to Dewey, reflection can help reframe a problem to find various solutions.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

True. Dewey believed reflection allows problems to be seen from multiple perspectives, leading to different potential solutions.

The social constructivist model emphasizes only individual learning factors.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

False. The model emphasizes both personal and social aspects of learning, especially interaction and collaboration.

Planning, acting, observing, and reflecting are stages of the action research cycle.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

True. These stages represent the full cycle of action research as outlined in the article.

In the case study, the teacher found that her students were very independent from the beginning.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

False. The teacher clearly identifies student dependency as a central issue that needed to be addressed.

The teacher used interviews and reflective journals to collect data.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

True. The teacher combined several data collection tools to monitor the project and student behavior.

Most students consistently used English during the project.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

False. Although English was encouraged, most student interaction happened in Spanish.

The reflection process did not lead to any changes in the teacher’s behavior.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

• False. The teacher clearly explains that reflection led to significant changes in her teaching style and classroom dynamics.