Infection Control and Precautions Quiz

A 20 year-old client has an infected leg wound from a motorcycle accident, and the client has returned home from the hospital. The client is to keep the affected leg elevated and is on contact precautions. The client wants to know if visitors can come. The appropriate response from the home health nurse is that:

• Visitors must wear a mask and a gown

• There are no special requirements for visitors of clients on contact

• Visitors should wash their hands before and after touching the client

• Visitors should wear gloves if they touch the client

Several clients are admitted to an adult medical unit. The nurse would ensure airborne precautions for a client with which medical condition?

• Autoimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) with cytomegalovirus (CMV)

• A positive purified protein derivative with an abnormal chest x-ray

• A tentative diagnosis of viral pneumonia with productive brown sputum.

• Advanced carcinoma of the lung with hemoptysis

A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of suspected meningococcal meningitis. Which admission orders should the nurse do first?

• Institute seizure precautions

• Monitor neurologic status every hour

• Place in respiratory/secretion precautions

• Cefataxime IV 50 mg/kg/day divided q6h

A client is diagnosed with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. What type of isolation is most appropriate for this client?

• Reverse

• Airbourne

• Standard precautions

• Contact

Which of these clients with associated lab reports is a priority for the nurse to report to the public health department within the next 24 hours?

• An infant with a positive culture of stool of Shigella

• An elderly factory worker with a lab report that is positive for acid-fast bacillus smear

• A young adult commercial pilot with a positive histopathological examination from an induced sputum for Pneumocystis carinii

• A middle-aged nurse with a history of varicella-zoster virus and with crops of vesicles on an erythematous base that appear on the skin

A client is scheduled to receive an oral solution of radioactive iodine (131I). In order to reduce hazards, the priority information for the nurse to include during the instructions to the client is which of these statements?

• In the initial 48 hours avoid contact with children and pregnant women, and after urination or defecation flush the commode twice

• Use disposable utensils for 2 days and if vomiting occurs within 10 hours of the dose, do so in the toilet and flush it twice

• Your family can use the same bathroom that you use without any special precautions

• Drink plenty of water and empty your bladder often during the initial 3 days of therapy

A newly admitted adult client has a diagnosis of hepatitis A. The charge nurse should reinforce to the staff members that the most significant routine infection control strategy, in addition to handwashing, to be implemented is which of these?

• Apply appropriate signs outside and inside the room

• Apply a mask with a shield if there is a risk of fluid splash

• Wear a gown to change soiled linens from incontinence

• Have gloves on while handling bedpans with feces

The nurse is assigned to a client newly diagnosed with active tuberculosis. Which of these protocols would be a priority for the nurse to implement?

• Have the client cough into a tissue and dispose in a separate bag

• Instruct the client to cover the mouth with a tissue when coughing

• Reinforce for all to wash their hands before and after entering the room

• Place client in a negative pressure private room and have all who enter the room use masks with shields

The school nurse is teaching the faculty the most effective methods to prevent the spread of lice in the school. The information that would be most important to include would be which of these statements?

• The treatment requires reapplication in 8 to 10 days

• Bedding and clothing can be boiled or steamed

• Children are not to share hats, scarves and combs

• Nit combs are necessary to comb out nits.

During the care of a client with a salmonella infection, the primary nursing intervention to limit transmission is which of these approaches?

• Wash hands thoroughly before and after client contact

• Wear gloves when in contact with body secretions

• Double glove when in contact with feces or vomitus

• Wear gloves when disposing of contaminated linens