Higher Human Biology 1.1 Cellular Differentiation

What type of cell division do somatic stem cells undergo?

• Mitosis

• Binary fission

• Meiosis

• Budding

What is the result of meiosis in germline stem cells?

• Haploid gametes

• Diploid cells

• Somatic cells

• Stem cells

What is a somatic cell?

• A cell involved in reproduction

• A cell that forms gametes

• Any cell in the body other than reproductive cells

• A cell that divides by meiosis

What are germline cells?

• Cells that form the skin

• Gametes and stem cells that divide to form gametes

• Cells that form the brain

• Any cell in the body

How many pairs of homologous chromosomes do diploid cells have?

• 12 pairs

• 46 pairs

• 24 pairs

• 23 pairs

What happens during the first division of meiosis?

• Chromatids separate

• Homologous chromosomes separate

• Cells become diploid

• Cells become somatic

What is cellular differentiation?

• The process by which a cell becomes cancerous

• The process by which a cell dies

• The process by which a cell expresses certain genes to produce proteins

• The process by which a cell divides

What are pluripotent cells?

• Cells that can differentiate into all cell types

• Cells that are already specialized

• Cells that cannot differentiate

• Cells that can only become skin cells

What are multipotent cells?

• Cells that are already specialized

• Cells that can differentiate into any cell type

• Cells that can differentiate into all cell types in a particular tissue

• Cells that cannot divide

What is an example of a tissue stem cell?

• Nerve cell

• Blood stem cell

• Embryonic stem cell

• Skin cell